{"id":676093,"date":"2024-07-22T14:09:58","date_gmt":"2024-07-22T13:09:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=676093"},"modified":"2024-07-22T14:09:58","modified_gmt":"2024-07-22T13:09:58","slug":"cach-bo-khuech-tan-nhiet-phan-phoi-nhiet-deu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cach-bo-khuech-tan-nhiet-phan-phoi-nhiet-deu\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">C\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cach_bo_khuech_tan_nhiet_phan_phoi_nhiet_deu.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u<\/h2>\n<p>Trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n. B\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi, l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, bao g\u1ed3m ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (conduction), \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u (convection) v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 (radiation). Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> B\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao nh\u01b0 nh\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng, gi\u00fap truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u:<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng xung quanh b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb n\u00f3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i xa h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n trong kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1:<\/strong> B\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ra nhi\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t:<\/strong> Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1edbn gi\u00fap t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u. C\u00e1c c\u00e1nh t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t (fins) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/strong> B\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5, h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u, ho\u1eb7c ph\u1eb3ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh:<\/strong> B\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb CPU v\u00e0 GPU, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed:<\/strong> Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i h\u01a1i l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n trong ph\u00f2ng, t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o:<\/strong> B\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t. Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, n\u00f3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi, l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7t 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