{"id":676979,"date":"2024-10-02T00:00:58","date_gmt":"2024-10-01T23:00:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=676979"},"modified":"2024-10-02T00:00:58","modified_gmt":"2024-10-01T23:00:58","slug":"lam-the-nao-tiet-trung-nhiet-diet-khuan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/lam-the-nao-tiet-trung-nhiet-diet-khuan\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n: nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf. C\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi khu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/lam_the_nao_tiet_trung_nhiet_diet_khuan.png\" alt=\"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n<\/h2>\n<p>Ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c vi khu\u1ea9n, vi-r\u00fat, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng trong ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Khi gia t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, c\u00e1c protein v\u00e0 enzym trong vi khu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh (denature), d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c sinh s\u1ea3n. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 121\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 134\u00b0C l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Autoclave (N\u1ed3i h\u1ea5p):<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pasteurization (Thanh tr\u00f9ng):<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n (kho\u1ea3ng 63\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 85\u00b0C) trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ultra-high temperature (UHT &#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao):<\/strong> D\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao (kho\u1ea3ng 135\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 150\u00b0C) trong th\u1eddi gian c\u1ef1c ng\u1eafn (2-5 gi\u00e2y) \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n m\u00e0 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong s\u1eefa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1ecfng kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>L\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>An to\u00e0n v\u1ec7 sinh:<\/strong> Ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>K\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m:<\/strong> Ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n, gi\u00fap s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u00e2u h\u01a1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t:<\/strong> C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 autoclave d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n: nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf. C\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi khu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n: nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf. 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