{"id":677150,"date":"2024-08-11T10:22:14","date_gmt":"2024-08-11T09:22:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=677150"},"modified":"2024-08-11T10:22:14","modified_gmt":"2024-08-11T09:22:14","slug":"cach-he-thong-dat-trang-thai-can-bang-nhiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cach-he-thong-dat-trang-thai-can-bang-nhiet\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cach_he_thong_dat_trang_thai_can_bang_nhiet.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng. Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tham gia kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n<p>Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. Khi \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h2>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>**D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t**: Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau.<\/li>\n<li>**\u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u**: Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t x\u1ea3y ra trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed qua d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0u.<\/li>\n<li>**B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t**: Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua kh\u00f4ng gian b\u1edfi s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung gian.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u00e2n theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p><i>Q = mc\u0394T<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>Q<\/i> l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t trao \u0111\u1ed5i (Joule)<\/li>\n<li><i>m<\/i> l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 (kg)<\/li>\n<li><i>c<\/i> l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (J\/kg\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<li><i>\u0394T<\/i> l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0. Khi b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 mong mu\u1ed1n tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd t\u1ea1m ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. L\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t 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