{"id":677884,"date":"2024-09-08T02:30:22","date_gmt":"2024-09-08T01:30:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=677884"},"modified":"2024-09-08T02:30:22","modified_gmt":"2024-09-08T01:30:22","slug":"tai-sao-cau-nhiet-anh-huong-den-hieu-suat-cua-toa-nha","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/tai-sao-cau-nhiet-anh-huong-den-hieu-suat-cua-toa-nha\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed ti\u00eau hao trong c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tai_sao_cau_nhiet_anh_huong_den_hieu_suat_cua_toa_nha.png\" alt=\"T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, &#8220;c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t&#8221; l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb n\u01a1i n\u00e0y sang n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>C\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t (thermal bridge) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n xung quanh. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 khung c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, g\u00f3c t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 n\u01a1i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau. Do s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t qua c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n<h2>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ti\u00eau hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong> C\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n, g\u00e2y ti\u00eau hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong ph\u00f2ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3m:<\/strong> Do c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m, v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tho\u00e1t ra qua c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh:<\/strong> Gia t\u0103ng ti\u00eau hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh cao h\u01a1n cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ea9m m\u1ed1c:<\/strong> C\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t g\u00e2y s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u1ea9m m\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t do c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t (Q) qua c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t, ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<p><code>Q = \\frac{\\Delta T}{R} \\cdot A<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>Q<\/code>: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n qua c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t (W)<\/li>\n<li><code>\\Delta T<\/code>: S\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t (\u00b0C ho\u1eb7c K)<\/li>\n<li><code>R<\/code>: \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t (m\u00b2K\/W)<\/li>\n<li><code>A<\/code>: Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t (m\u00b2)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Ngay t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, c\u1ea7n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/strong> \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u1ec3 bao b\u1ecdc to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ed1i \u0111a s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u:<\/strong> X\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Segio c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed ti\u00eau hao trong c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a 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