{"id":678283,"date":"2024-11-08T22:25:02","date_gmt":"2024-11-08T21:25:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=678283"},"modified":"2024-11-08T22:25:02","modified_gmt":"2024-11-08T21:25:02","slug":"hien-tuong-chinh-luu-nhiet-trong-cac-thiet-bi-dien-tu-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/hien-tuong-chinh-luu-nhiet-trong-cac-thiet-bi-dien-tu-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/hien_tuong_chinh_luu_nhiet_trong_cac_thiet_bi_dien_tu_la_gi.png\" alt=\"Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t (thermal rectification) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh lu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t sao cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng so v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, n\u01a1i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng. Trong ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n<p><o1><\/p>\n<li><strong>T\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> Gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t lu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c chip m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi:<\/strong> T\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o quang \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9:<\/strong> Trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh nhi\u1ec7t, nh\u1eb1m gi\u1eef cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<p><\/o1><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li><strong>Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\\(\\Delta T\\)):<\/strong> M\u1ed9t ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t cao h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/strong> C\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" 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