{"id":678457,"date":"2024-11-08T21:49:19","date_gmt":"2024-11-08T20:49:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=678457"},"modified":"2024-11-08T21:49:19","modified_gmt":"2024-11-08T20:49:19","slug":"su-soc-nhiet-trong-gom-su","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/su-soc-nhiet-trong-gom-su\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t trong g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t trong g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9: Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/su_soc_nhiet_trong_gom_su.png\" alt=\"S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t trong g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>S\u1ef1 S\u1ed1c Nhi\u1ec7t Trong G\u1ed1m S\u1ee9<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t. Trong g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9, s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 v\u1ee1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u01a1i m\u00e0 g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean Nh\u00e2n G\u00e2y Ra S\u1ed1c Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Thay \u0110\u1ed5i Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ed9t Ng\u1ed9t:<\/b> Khi g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 b\u1ecb \u0111un n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf hay co ng\u00f3t nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0110\u1eb7c T\u00ednh V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u:<\/b> C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau (k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \\(\\alpha\\)). G\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 c\u00f3 \\(\\alpha\\) c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t c\u00e0ng k\u00e9m.<\/li>\n<li><b>K\u00edch Th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 H\u00ecnh D\u00e1ng:<\/b> C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0110\u1eb7c T\u00ednh \u1ee8ng Su\u1ea5t Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>\u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t trong m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\n\\sigma = E \\cdot \\alpha \\cdot \\Delta T<br \/>\n\\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(\\sigma\\) l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t (stress)<\/li>\n<li>E l\u00e0 m\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i (Young&#8217;s modulus)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\alpha\\) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\Delta T\\) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Bi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p Gi\u1ea3m Thi\u1ec3u S\u1ed1c Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Ch\u1ecdn V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u Ph\u00f9 H\u1ee3p:<\/b> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><b>Ki\u1ec3m So\u00e1t Qu\u00e1 Tr\u00ecnh Nhi\u1ec7t:<\/b> Tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh hay \u0111un n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t; \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf hay co ng\u00f3t nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n<li><b>Thi\u1ebft K\u1ebf K\u1ebft C\u1ea5u:<\/b> Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Trong t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t trong g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9: Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t trong g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t trong g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9: Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i 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