{"id":678742,"date":"2024-10-24T02:53:58","date_gmt":"2024-10-24T01:53:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=678742"},"modified":"2024-10-24T02:53:58","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T01:53:58","slug":"lam-the-nao-ma-cac-lop-chan-nhiet-bao-ve-tau-vu-tru-khi-quay-lai-trai-dat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/lam-the-nao-ma-cac-lop-chan-nhiet-bao-ve-tau-vu-tru-khi-quay-lai-trai-dat\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 khi quay l\u1ea1i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 khi quay l\u1ea1i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c ma s\u00e1t v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/lam_the_nao_ma_cac_lop_chan_nhiet_bao_ve_tau_vu_tru_khi_quay_lai_trai_dat.png\" alt=\"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 khi quay l\u1ea1i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 khi quay l\u1ea1i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n<p>Khi t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1eed th\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn: nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao do ma s\u00e1t v\u1edbi b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c phi h\u00e0nh gia b\u00ean trong, c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t (thermal shields) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li><b>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t<\/b>: C\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao nh\u01b0 carbon-carbon, g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9 C.<\/li>\n<li><b>L\u1edbp c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t<\/b>: Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. C\u00e1c l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 silica, aerogel, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><b>B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t<\/b>: B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay v\u00ec h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u00f3. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 nh\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1c.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Khi t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 quay l\u1ea1i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i di chuy\u1ec3n qua b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ng\u00e0n km\/h. S\u1ef1 ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 1600\u00b0C (2900\u00b0F).<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo hai nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<h3>1. Ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng, ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eadp trung l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i cho t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>V\u1edbi l\u1edbp b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n thay v\u00ec b\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 b\u1edfi t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng qu\u00e1 cao. C\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 khi quay l\u1ea1i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t, l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho c\u00e1c phi h\u00e0nh gia v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb khoa h\u1ecdc qu\u00fd gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 khi quay l\u1ea1i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c ma s\u00e1t v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 khi quay l\u1ea1i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 khi quay l\u1ea1i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c ma s\u00e1t v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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