{"id":679071,"date":"2024-08-16T18:03:35","date_gmt":"2024-08-16T17:03:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=679071"},"modified":"2024-08-16T18:03:35","modified_gmt":"2024-08-16T17:03:35","slug":"ung-dung-cua-phan-tich-nhiet-trong-phap-y","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/ung-dung-cua-phan-tich-nhiet-trong-phap-y\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong ph\u00e1p y"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong ph\u00e1p y: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y, tai n\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng qua ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ung_dung_cua_phan_tich_nhiet_trong_phap_y.png\" alt=\"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong ph\u00e1p y\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong ph\u00e1p y<\/h2>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ecdc, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1p y, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng manh m\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong ph\u00e1p y:<\/p>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u1ecdng nhi\u1ec7t (Thermogravimetric Analysis &#8211; TGA) v\u00e0 vi nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf qu\u00e9t vi sai (Differential Scanning Calorimetry &#8211; DSC), c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1p y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00ed sinh ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1t li\u00ean quan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0110i\u1ec1u tra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong ph\u00e1p y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c m\u1eabu thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00e1y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li>D\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng ch\u00e1y.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y c\u1ed1 \u00fd v\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u00fd.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ebft<\/h2>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m theo th\u1eddi gian sau khi ch\u1ebft:<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\n\\frac{dT}{dt} = -k(T &#8211; T_{xung quanh})<br \/>\n\\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(\\frac{dT}{dt}\\) l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<li>\\(k\\) l\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li>\\(T\\) l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li>\\(T_{xung quanh}\\) l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong ph\u00e1p y, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5, ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian t\u1eed vong. Vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 TGA v\u00e0 DSC ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9ng minh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00f4ng v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra ph\u00e1p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong ph\u00e1p y: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y, tai n\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng qua ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng 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