{"id":679929,"date":"2024-11-02T08:15:48","date_gmt":"2024-11-02T07:15:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=679929"},"modified":"2024-11-02T08:15:48","modified_gmt":"2024-11-02T07:15:48","slug":"lam-the-nao-su-khuech-tan-nhiet-do-luong-thuoc-tinh-vat-lieu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/lam-the-nao-su-khuech-tan-nhiet-do-luong-thuoc-tinh-vat-lieu\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/lam_the_nao_su_khuech_tan_nhiet_do_luong_thuoc_tinh_vat_lieu.png\" alt=\"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n<p>Trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<h2>S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t (thermal diffusivity) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd gi\u00fap \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u so v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\">\\( \\alpha = \\frac{k}{\\rho c_p} \\)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(\\alpha\\): H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t (m<sup>2<\/sup>\/s)<\/li>\n<li>k: \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (W\/m\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\rho\\): M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li>c<sub>p<\/sub>: Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i (J\/kg\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>T\u1ea1i sao s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t lan truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n<h2>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<h3>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Flash Laser<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0110\u1eb7t m\u1eabu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi tia laser c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/li>\n<li>Chi\u1ebfu tia laser l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1eabu, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t xung nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h3>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Hot Wire<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0110\u1eb7t d\u00e2y nhi\u1ec7t l\u00ean m\u1eabu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li>Cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng n\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1eeb d\u00e2y nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h2>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed:<\/strong> C\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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