{"id":680214,"date":"2024-10-04T02:16:19","date_gmt":"2024-10-04T01:16:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=680214"},"modified":"2024-10-04T02:16:19","modified_gmt":"2024-10-04T01:16:19","slug":"ung-dung-cua-phan-tich-nhiet-trong-khoa-hoc-vat-lieu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/ung-dung-cua-phan-tich-nhiet-trong-khoa-hoc-vat-lieu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ung_dung_cua_phan_tich_nhiet_trong_khoa_hoc_vat_lieu.png\" alt=\"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a <i>thermal engineering<\/i> (k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u qua c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch Nhi\u1ec7t Tr\u1ecdng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng (TGA): \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u khi t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb bay h\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch Nhi\u1ec7t Vi Sai (DSC): \u0110o s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1eabu h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t ra khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n pha nh\u01b0 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, k\u1ebft tinh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch C\u01a1 Nhi\u1ec7t (TMA): \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u khi n\u00f3 b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t, gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n<li>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee8ng Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n (DTA): \u0110o s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa m\u1eabu v\u00e0 m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng, gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc b\u00ean trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li><b>Ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m:<\/b> \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><b>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi:<\/b> T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t:<\/b> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau, h\u1eefu \u00edch trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0110o h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t:<\/b> Gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng hay kh\u00f4ng, quan tr\u1ecdng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\nQ = mc\\Delta T<br \/>\n\\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>Q: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t (J)<\/li>\n<li>m: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (kg)<\/li>\n<li>c: Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang (J\/kg\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\Delta T\\): \u0110\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u00b0C ho\u1eb7c K)<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \\(c\\) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p quan tr\u1ecdng cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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