{"id":680407,"date":"2024-08-31T07:00:20","date_gmt":"2024-08-31T06:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=680407"},"modified":"2024-08-31T07:00:20","modified_gmt":"2024-08-31T06:00:20","slug":"phan-tich-nhiet-vi-sai-dsc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/phan-tich-nhiet-vi-sai-dsc\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch Nhi\u1ec7t Vi Sai (DSC)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t vi sai (DSC) \u0111o v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, k\u1ebft tinh v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

\"Ph\u00e2n<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch Nhi\u1ec7t Vi Sai (DSC)<\/h2>\n

Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch Nhi\u1ec7t Vi Sai, hay DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt DSC gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng theo chu k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n

Trong DSC, hai m\u1eabu – m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng nhau – \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong hai ng\u0103n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb DSC. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u0103ng, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t cung c\u1ea5p cho hai m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u1eabu, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, k\u1ebft tinh, chuy\u1ec3n pha v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u Tr\u00fac Thi\u1ebft B\u1ecb DSC<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

  • Ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t: t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eabu.<\/li>\n
  • C\u00e1c ng\u0103n m\u1eabu: m\u1ed9t ng\u0103n ch\u1ee9a m\u1eabu c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 ng\u0103n kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee9a m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n
  • B\u1ed9 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9: ghi nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai ng\u0103n m\u1eabu.<\/li>\n
  • B\u1ed9 ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    L\u1ee3i \u00cdch v\u00e0 \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a DSC<\/h2>\n

    DSC c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch polyme:<\/b> x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n pha th\u1ee7y tinh (Tg<\/sub>), v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a polyme.<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m:<\/b> \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m:<\/b> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n pha nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n
  • Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u:<\/b> x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 kim lo\u1ea1i, h\u1ee3p kim, g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9, v\u00e0 composite.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    C\u00e1ch Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a DSC<\/h2>\n

    Trong m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m DSC, m\u1eabu v\u00e0 m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

    \n <\/p>\n

  • T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gia nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i: m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t n\u00f3ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 10\u00b0C\/ph\u00fat).<\/li>\n
  • Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh: m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t n\u00f3ng theo m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 25\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 300\u00b0C r\u1ed3i l\u00e0m m\u00e1t xu\u1ed1ng 25\u00b0C).<\/li>\n

    <\/o1>\n<\/p>\n

    Trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t cung c\u1ea5p cho m\u1eabu v\u00e0 m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t trong m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00ecnh Nhi\u1ec7t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n

    M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong DSC l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (\\(Q\\)), kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (\\(m\\)), v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t dung (\\(C_p\\)) c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu:<\/p>\n

    V\u1edbi \\(Q = m * C_p * \\Delta T\\), trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • \\(Q\\): l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t (Joules)<\/li>\n
  • \\(m\\): kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu (grams)<\/li>\n
  • \\(C_p\\): nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang (J\/g\u00b0C)<\/li>\n
  • \\(\\Delta T\\): s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u00b0C)<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u DSC.<\/p>\n

    K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

    Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch Nhi\u1ec7t Vi Sai (DSC) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t, cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o DSC, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t trong ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t vi sai (DSC) \u0111o v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, k\u1ebft tinh v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nPh\u00e2n T\u00edch Nhi\u1ec7t Vi Sai (DSC)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t vi sai (DSC) \u0111o v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, k\u1ebft tinh v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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