{"id":681034,"date":"2024-08-31T19:51:45","date_gmt":"2024-08-31T18:51:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=681034"},"modified":"2024-08-31T19:51:45","modified_gmt":"2024-08-31T18:51:45","slug":"7-loai-dong-chay-ong-trong-ky-thuat-chat-long","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/7-loai-dong-chay-ong-trong-ky-thuat-chat-long\/","title":{"rendered":"7 Lo\u1ea1i D\u00f2ng Ch\u1ea3y \u1ed0ng Trong K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u 7 lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \u1ed1ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/7_loai_dong_chay_ong_trong_ky_thuat_chat_long.png\" alt=\"7 Lo\u1ea1i D\u00f2ng Ch\u1ea3y \u1ed0ng Trong K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>7 Lo\u1ea1i D\u00f2ng Ch\u1ea3y \u1ed0ng Trong K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng<\/h2>\n<p>Trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \u1ed1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 7 lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1eabu trong \u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng (Laminar Flow)<\/strong>: Lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n v\u00e0 song song v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt. S\u1ed1 Reynolds (Re) cho d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 2000.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c (Transitional Flow)<\/strong>: \u1ede tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y, d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea7ng sang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed1i. Khu v\u1ef1c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi s\u1ed1 Reynolds n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 2000 \u0111\u1ebfn 4000. D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00edt \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c dao \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ecf.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y r\u1ed1i (Turbulent Flow)<\/strong>: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng xo\u00e1y v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n. Khi s\u1ed1 Reynolds l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 4000, d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y th\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n sang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed1i. Trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 do \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt m\u00e0 c\u00f2n do t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t (Pressure Flow)<\/strong>: D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra khi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t gradient \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c (Gravity Flow)<\/strong>: Lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1edfi tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ngo\u00e0i n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc trong \u1ed1ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t b\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc cao xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y n\u00e9n (Compressible Flow)<\/strong>: Lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y n\u00e9n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y qua v\u00f2i phun l\u1eeda.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng n\u00e9n (Incompressible Flow)<\/strong>: Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00e9n, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea3y. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng n\u00e9n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y n\u00e0y gi\u00fap k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sao cho hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u 7 lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \u1ed1ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>7 Lo\u1ea1i D\u00f2ng Ch\u1ea3y \u1ed0ng Trong K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u 7 lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \u1ed1ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/7-loai-dong-chay-ong-trong-ky-thuat-chat-long\/\" 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