{"id":681075,"date":"2024-09-17T11:39:58","date_gmt":"2024-09-17T10:39:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=681075"},"modified":"2024-09-17T11:39:58","modified_gmt":"2024-09-17T10:39:58","slug":"6-loai-may-phat-hoi-nuoc-trong-nha-may-dien-hat-nhan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/6-loai-may-phat-hoi-nuoc-trong-nha-may-dien-hat-nhan\/","title":{"rendered":"6 Lo\u1ea1i M\u00e1y Ph\u00e1t H\u01a1i N\u01b0\u1edbc Trong Nh\u00e0 M\u00e1y \u0110i\u1ec7n H\u1ea1t Nh\u00e2n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u 6 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebfn vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/6_loai_may_phat_hoi_nuoc_trong_nha_may_dien_hat_nhan.png\" alt=\"6 Lo\u1ea1i M\u00e1y Ph\u00e1t H\u01a1i N\u01b0\u1edbc Trong Nh\u00e0 M\u00e1y \u0110i\u1ec7n H\u1ea1t Nh\u00e2n\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>6 Lo\u1ea1i M\u00e1y Ph\u00e1t H\u01a1i N\u01b0\u1edbc Trong Nh\u00e0 M\u00e1y \u0110i\u1ec7n H\u1ea1t Nh\u00e2n<\/h2>\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c tuabin v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 6 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li><strong>L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p l\u1ef1c (Pressurized Water Reactor &#8211; PWR):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Trong l\u00f2 PWR, n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4i. N\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, n\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 hai (trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc) bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4i (Boiling Water Reactor &#8211; BWR):<\/strong> Trong l\u00f2 BWR, n\u01b0\u1edbc trong l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng s\u00f4i v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00f9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y tuabin. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 BWR \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi l\u00f2 PWR v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t ri\u00eang.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eb7ng (Heavy Water Reactor &#8211; HWR):<\/strong> Lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eb7ng (D2O) l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m m\u00e1t. N\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p thu nhi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng uranium t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0m m\u00e1t (Gas-Cooled Reactor &#8211; GCR):<\/strong> GCR s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00ed nh\u01b0 carbon dioxide (CO2) ho\u1eb7c helium \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t l\u00f5i l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. Kh\u00ed mang nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb l\u00f5i l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn (Advanced Gas-Cooled Reactor &#8211; AGR):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 GCR, trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00ed helium ho\u1eb7c CO2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t. C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t t\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc si\u00eau ph\u00ea (Supercritical Water Reactor &#8211; SCWR):<\/strong> L\u00f2 SCWR ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n si\u00eau ph\u00ea (supercritical), n\u01a1i m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ranh gi\u1edbi ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa pha l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 pha h\u01a1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t cao h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u01b0u nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u 6 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebfn vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>6 Lo\u1ea1i 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