{"id":681151,"date":"2024-08-24T19:23:55","date_gmt":"2024-08-24T18:23:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=681151"},"modified":"2024-08-24T19:23:55","modified_gmt":"2024-08-24T18:23:55","slug":"12-loai-ham-gio-trong-thu-nghiem-khi-dong-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/12-loai-ham-gio-trong-thu-nghiem-khi-dong-hoc\/","title":{"rendered":"12 Lo\u1ea1i H\u1ea7m Gi\u00f3 Trong Th\u1eed Nghi\u1ec7m Kh\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9ng H\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 12 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc, vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

\"12<\/p>\n

12 Lo\u1ea1i H\u1ea7m Gi\u00f3 Trong Th\u1eed Nghi\u1ec7m Kh\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9ng H\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n

H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 \u00f4 t\u00f4, m\u00e1y bay, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u00e1c. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 12 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

  • \n

    1. H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e2m<\/h3>\n

    H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e2m (Subsonic wind tunnel) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c \u00e2m thanh (Mach < 1). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t do c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1eeb \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    2. H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/h3>\n

    H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 si\u00eau \u00e2m (Supersonic wind tunnel) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c \u00e2m thanh, t\u1ee9c Mach > 1. Lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea7m n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1y bay si\u00eau \u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00ean l\u1eeda.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    3. H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 si\u00eau thanh<\/h3>\n

    H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 si\u00eau thanh (Hypersonic wind tunnel) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 Mach > 5. Lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao nh\u01b0 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    4. H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 m\u1edf<\/h3>\n

    H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 m\u1edf (Open-circuit wind tunnel) c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho ph\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 do. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    5. H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 k\u00edn<\/h3>\n

    H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 k\u00edn (Closed-circuit wind tunnel) t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u00ean trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    6. H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t<\/h3>\n

    H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t (Cryogenic wind tunnel) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c trong kh\u00f4ng gian. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    7. H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p<\/h3>\n

    H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p (Low-speed wind tunnel) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u00f4 t\u00f4, v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y kho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i tr\u0103m km\/h.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    8. H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/h3>\n

    H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao (High-speed wind tunnel) d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1eeb v\u00e0i tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i mach. Lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea7m n\u00e0y ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    9. H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 v\u1ee5t<\/h3>\n

    H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 v\u1ee5t (Blowdown wind tunnel) t\u1ea1o ra lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed m\u1ea1nh trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    10. H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n

    H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng (Oscillating wind tunnel) m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c dao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, gi\u00fap nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    11. H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i ngang<\/h3>\n

    H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i ngang (Transverse wind tunnel) h\u01b0\u1edbng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed theo m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi m\u1eabu th\u1eed, gi\u00fap m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    12. H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n

    H\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (Environmental wind tunnel) cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eabu th\u1eed trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 12 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc, vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n12 Lo\u1ea1i H\u1ea7m Gi\u00f3 Trong Th\u1eed Nghi\u1ec7m Kh\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9ng H\u1ecdc<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 12 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc, vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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