{"id":681914,"date":"2024-09-25T18:26:05","date_gmt":"2024-09-25T17:26:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=681914"},"modified":"2024-09-25T18:26:05","modified_gmt":"2024-09-25T17:26:05","slug":"7-phuong-phap-mo-phong-dong-luc-hoc-chat-long-trong-thiet-ke","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/7-phuong-phap-mo-phong-dong-luc-hoc-chat-long-trong-thiet-ke\/","title":{"rendered":"7 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p M\u00f4 Ph\u1ecfng \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng Trong Thi\u1ebft K\u1ebf"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, t\u1eeb CFD \u0111\u1ebfn FEA, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

\"7<\/p>\n

7 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p M\u00f4 Ph\u1ecfng \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng Trong Thi\u1ebft K\u1ebf<\/h2>\n

Trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (CFD) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong CFD \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

  • Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Finite Volume (FVM)<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Finite Element (FEM)<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Finite Difference (FDM)<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Lattice Boltzmann (LBM)<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH)<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Panel<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Quasicontinuum (QC)<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Finite Volume (FVM)<\/h3>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Finite Volume chia kh\u00f4ng gian mi\u1ec1n t\u00ednh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u00f4 nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 volume nh\u1ecf (control volumes) v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n cho m\u1ed7i \u00f4 n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd nh\u01b0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 mi\u1ec1n t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

    2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Finite Element (FEM)<\/h3>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Finite Element chia mi\u1ec1n t\u00ednh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed (elements) v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1. FEM \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n

    3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Finite Difference (FDM)<\/h3>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Finite Difference bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh vi ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00e0m ri\u00eang (PDEs) th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh sai ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1. FDM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1edd t\u00ednh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c bi\u00ean h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

    4. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Lattice Boltzmann (LBM)<\/h3>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Lattice Boltzmann d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u1edf m\u1ee9c vi m\u00f4 th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u. LBM \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh phi tuy\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

    5. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH)<\/h3>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n (smoothing kernel) \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd. SPH r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1edf v\u00e0 va ch\u1ea1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n

    6. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Panel<\/h3>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Panel l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edbt d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c chia b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m (panels) nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u00e1p l\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n t\u00edch. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u00e0u, m\u00e1y bay, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ng\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n

    7. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Quasicontinuum (QC)<\/h3>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Quasicontinuum k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng (continuum) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, t\u1eeb CFD \u0111\u1ebfn FEA, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n7 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p M\u00f4 Ph\u1ecfng \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng Trong Thi\u1ebft K\u1ebf<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, t\u1eeb CFD \u0111\u1ebfn FEA, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/7-phuong-phap-mo-phong-dong-luc-hoc-chat-long-trong-thiet-ke\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"7 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p M\u00f4 Ph\u1ecfng \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng Trong Thi\u1ebft K\u1ebf\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, t\u1eeb CFD \u0111\u1ebfn FEA, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.\" \/>\n<meta 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