{"id":682351,"date":"2024-11-28T07:35:35","date_gmt":"2024-11-28T06:35:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=682351"},"modified":"2024-11-28T07:35:35","modified_gmt":"2024-11-28T06:35:35","slug":"3-loai-cam-bien-nhiet-dien-de-do-nhiet-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/3-loai-cam-bien-nhiet-dien-de-do-nhiet-do\/","title":{"rendered":"3 Lo\u1ea1i C\u1ea3m Bi\u1ebfn Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ec3 \u0110o Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">C\u1ea3m Bi\u1ebfn Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ec3 \u0110o Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 3 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3_loai_cam_bien_nhiet_dien_de_do_nhiet_do.png\" alt=\"3 Lo\u1ea1i C\u1ea3m Bi\u1ebfn Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ec3 \u0110o Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>3 Lo\u1ea1i C\u1ea3m Bi\u1ebfn Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ec3 \u0110o Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9<\/h2>\n<p>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111o v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ba lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>C\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n (Thermocouple)<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf (RTD &#8211; Resistance Temperature Detector)<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Thermistor<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>1. C\u1eb7p Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n (Thermocouple)<\/h2>\n<p>C\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai lo\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u. Khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 do, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o \u0111\u1ec3 suy ra nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed3m c\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Lo\u1ea1i K (Nickel-Chromium \/ Nickel-Alumel): \u0110o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb -200\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 1,350\u00b0C.<\/li>\n<li>Lo\u1ea1i J (Iron \/ Copper-Nickel): \u0110o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb -40\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 750\u00b0C.<\/li>\n<li>Lo\u1ea1i T (Copper \/ Copper-Nickel): \u0110o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb -200\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 350\u00b0C.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ V = S \\cdot \\Delta T \\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>V l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ea1o ra (Volt)<\/li>\n<li>S l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 Seebeck (Volt\/\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\Delta T\\) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ea7u (\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>2. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n Tr\u1edf (RTD &#8211; Resistance Temperature Detector)<\/h2>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. Lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb platinum (Pt), v\u1edbi RTD ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Pt100, c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf 100 ohm \u1edf 0\u00b0C.<\/p>\n<p>BTU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1edf &#8211; nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ R(T) = R_0 (1 + \\alpha T) \\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>R(T) l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 T (ohm)<\/li>\n<li>R<sub>0<\/sub> l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ea1i 0\u00b0C (ohm)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\alpha\\) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (1\/\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<li>T l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3. Thermistor<\/h2>\n<p>Thermistor l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf thay \u0111\u1ed5i thu\u00ea theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, v\u1edbi hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh: NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) v\u00e0 PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient).<\/p>\n<p>NTC thermistor gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng, c\u00f2n PTC thermistor t\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c Stefan-Boltzmann \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a thermistor th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ R(T) = R_0 e^{\\beta (\\frac{1}{T} &#8211; \\frac{1}{T_0})} \\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>R(T) l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 T (ohm)<\/li>\n<li>R<sub>0<\/sub> l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 T<sub>0<\/sub> (ohm)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\beta\\) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 beta (K<sup>-1<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li>T l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (K)<\/li>\n<li>T<sub>0<\/sub> l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tham chi\u1ebfu (K)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ri\u00eang. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, kho\u1ea3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n \u0111o, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u1ea3m Bi\u1ebfn Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ec3 \u0110o Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 3 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - 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