{"id":682579,"date":"2024-11-28T20:45:06","date_gmt":"2024-11-28T19:45:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=682579"},"modified":"2024-11-28T20:45:06","modified_gmt":"2024-11-28T19:45:06","slug":"7-loai-he-thong-lam-lanh-hap-thu-hoi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/7-loai-he-thong-lam-lanh-hap-thu-hoi\/","title":{"rendered":"7 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 h\u01a1i"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">7 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 h\u01a1i: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/7_loai_he_thong_lam_lanh_hap_thu_hoi.png\" alt=\"7 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 h\u01a1i\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>7 Lo\u1ea1i H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng L\u00e0m L\u1ea1nh H\u1ea5p Th\u1ee5 H\u01a1i<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 h\u01a1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ed1ng, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 7 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 h\u01a1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 amoniac-n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 lithium bromide-n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc-ammoniac<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 metanol<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc-th\u1ea1ch cao (CaSO4)<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh-metanol<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 zeolite-n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>1. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 amoniac-n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n<p>Lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng amoniac nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5. Khi kh\u00ed amoniac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m, t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh. H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i amoniac t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc-amoniac b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111un n\u00f3ng, chuy\u1ec3n amoniac v\u1ec1 d\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i chu tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<h2>2. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 lithium bromide-n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n<p>Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 lithium bromide l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5. N\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd bay h\u01a1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 b\u1edfi dung d\u1ecbch lithium bromide. Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e1i sinh, dung d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111un n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc ra kh\u1ecfi lithium bromide, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h2>3. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc-ammoniac<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng amoniac-n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 amoniac l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u00edt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n do t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t tham gia.<\/p>\n<h2>4. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 metanol<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng metanol nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh, metanol s\u1ebd bay h\u01a1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1i sinh metanol c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<h2>5. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc-th\u1ea1ch cao (CaSO4)<\/h2>\n<p>Trong lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 th\u1ea1ch cao l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5. Khi h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o th\u1ea1ch cao, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m, t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t. Th\u1ea1ch cao s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sinh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111un n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<h2>6. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh-metanol<\/h2>\n<p>Than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 metanol l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh. Khi metanol ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd bay h\u01a1i v\u00e0 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i sinh than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf metanol.<\/p>\n<h2>7. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 zeolite-n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng zeolite, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi n\u01b0\u1edbc bay h\u01a1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 b\u1edfi zeolite, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m. Sau \u0111\u00f3, zeolite \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sinh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111un n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc ra kh\u1ecfi zeolite, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 h\u01a1i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>7 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 h\u01a1i: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>7 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 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