{"id":683092,"date":"2024-10-16T18:01:17","date_gmt":"2024-10-16T17:01:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=683092"},"modified":"2024-10-16T18:01:17","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T17:01:17","slug":"3-loai-bo-thu-nhiet-mat-troi-va-hieu-suat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/3-loai-bo-thu-nhiet-mat-troi-va-hieu-suat\/","title":{"rendered":"3 Lo\u1ea1i B\u1ed9 Thu Nhi\u1ec7t M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u 3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 thu nhi\u1ec7t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

\"3<\/p>\n

3 Lo\u1ea1i B\u1ed9 Thu Nhi\u1ec7t M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n

N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00f4 t\u1eadn v\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 thu nhi\u1ec7t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng. C\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 thu nhi\u1ec7t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi: b\u1ed9 thu t\u1ea5m ph\u1eb3ng, b\u1ed9 thu \u1ed1ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 thu ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec3m. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 Thu T\u1ea5m Ph\u1eb3ng<\/h3>\n

B\u1ed9 thu t\u1ea5m ph\u1eb3ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi n\u01b0\u1edbc cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh. C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp ch\u1ed1ng oxi h\u00f3a, t\u1ea5m k\u00ednh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u1edf m\u1eb7t sau. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi xuy\u00ean qua t\u1ea5m k\u00ednh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5m h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t. Nhi\u1ec7t sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c glycol) ch\u1ea3y qua c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

  • \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m: Chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, d\u1ec5 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/li>\n
  • Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m: Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m khi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft l\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    B\u1ed9 Thu \u1ed0ng Ch\u00e2n Kh\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n

    B\u1ed9 thu \u1ed1ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y tinh song song v\u1edbi nhau, b\u00ean trong ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. \u1ede gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u.<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m: Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c \u00edt \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/li>\n
  • Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m: Chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    B\u1ed9 Thu Ti\u00eau \u0110i\u1ec3m<\/h3>\n

    B\u1ed9 thu ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t g\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m: Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u1eafng g\u1eaft.<\/li>\n
  • Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m: C\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng theo d\u00f5i h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1eafng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u cao.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n

    Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 thu nhi\u1ec7t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/b>: V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n
  • Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/b>: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 thu quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1, d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u.<\/li>\n
  • \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft<\/b>: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00f3i n\u1eafng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n

    <\/o1><\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, ta d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n

    Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t (\\(\\eta\\)) = \\(\\frac{N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c}{N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o}\\) * 100%<\/i><\/p>\n

    V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu b\u1ed9 thu nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 500 W n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 400 W th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 thu l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

    \\(\\eta = \\frac{400}{500} * 100 \\approx 80%\\)<\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 thu nhi\u1ec7t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u 3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 thu nhi\u1ec7t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n3 Lo\u1ea1i B\u1ed9 Thu Nhi\u1ec7t M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u 3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 thu nhi\u1ec7t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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