{"id":683861,"date":"2024-08-12T18:30:54","date_gmt":"2024-08-12T17:30:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=683861"},"modified":"2024-08-12T18:30:54","modified_gmt":"2024-08-12T17:30:54","slug":"4-loai-vat-lieu-nhiet-dien-thu-nang-luong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/4-loai-vat-lieu-nhiet-dien-thu-nang-luong\/","title":{"rendered":"4 Lo\u1ea1i V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n Thu N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">4 Lo\u1ea1i V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n Thu N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho vi\u1ec7c thu nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/4_loai_vat_lieu_nhiet_dien_thu_nang_luong.png\" alt=\"4 Lo\u1ea1i V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n Thu N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>4 Lo\u1ea1i V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n Thu N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Bismuth Telluride (Bi<sub>2<\/sub>Te<sub>3<\/sub>)<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bismuth telluride l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i cao. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh, th\u01b0\u1eddng trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 200\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 300\u00b0C. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t trong t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Ch\u00ec Telluride (PbTe)<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ch\u00ec telluride l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 500\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 800\u00b0C. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 thu h\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u00f2 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Silicon Germanium (SiGe)<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Silicon germanium l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao, th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean 800\u00b0C. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t trong kh\u00f4ng gian, nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 t\u00e0u kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Skutterudites<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Skutterudites l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n cao v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Skutterudites h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n trong vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>4 Lo\u1ea1i V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n Thu N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho vi\u1ec7c thu nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>4 Lo\u1ea1i V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n Thu N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"4 Lo\u1ea1i V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110i\u1ec7n Thu N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho vi\u1ec7c thu nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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