{"id":684013,"date":"2024-11-26T21:55:02","date_gmt":"2024-11-26T20:55:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=684013"},"modified":"2024-11-26T21:55:02","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T20:55:02","slug":"6-loai-thiet-bi-do-nhiet-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/6-loai-thiet-bi-do-nhiet-do\/","title":{"rendered":"6 Lo\u1ea1i Thi\u1ebft B\u1ecb \u0110o Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">6 Lo\u1ea1i Thi\u1ebft B\u1ecb \u0110o Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9: Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nhu c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/6_loai_thiet_bi_do_nhiet_do.png\" alt=\"6 Lo\u1ea1i Thi\u1ebft B\u1ecb \u0110o Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>6 Lo\u1ea1i Thi\u1ebft B\u1ecb \u0110o Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, vi\u1ec7c \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn gia d\u1ee5ng. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 6 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Thermocouple<\/li>\n<li>Thermistor<\/li>\n<li>RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector)<\/li>\n<li>Infrared Thermometer<\/li>\n<li>Liquid-in-Glass Thermometer<\/li>\n<li>Bimetallic Thermometer<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Thermocouple<\/h2>\n<p>Thermocouple l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m hai d\u00e2y kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i (junction). Khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p (EMF) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o \u0111\u1ec3 suy ra nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<h2>Thermistor<\/h2>\n<p>Thermistor l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn (semiconductor) khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a thermistor:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient): \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf gi\u1ea3m khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<li>PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient): \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u0103ng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector)<\/h2>\n<p>RTD l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 platin. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<p>R(T) = R<sub>0<\/sub> * (1 + \u03b1(T &#8211; T<sub>0<\/sub>))<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>R(T) l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 T<\/li>\n<li>R<sub>0<\/sub> l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tham chi\u1ebfu (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 0\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<li>\u03b1 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Infrared Thermometer<\/h2>\n<p>Infrared thermometer \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i (infrared radiation) t\u1eeb v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu \u00edch trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n \u0111o t\u1eeb xa ho\u1eb7c \u0111o nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n<h2>Liquid-in-Glass Thermometer<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed3n m\u00e0u) trong \u1ed1ng k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u00e3n n\u1edf ho\u1eb7c co l\u1ea1i, khi \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng s\u1ebd d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t thang \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h2>Bimetallic Thermometer<\/h2>\n<p>Bimetallic thermometer s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai d\u1ea3i kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau gh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, hai kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00e3n n\u1edf ho\u1eb7c co l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau, g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 u\u1ed1n cong ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea3 6 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>6 Lo\u1ea1i Thi\u1ebft B\u1ecb \u0110o Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9: Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nhu c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>6 Lo\u1ea1i Thi\u1ebft B\u1ecb \u0110o Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"6 Lo\u1ea1i Thi\u1ebft B\u1ecb \u0110o Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9: Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nhu c\u1ea7u.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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