{"id":684206,"date":"2024-09-07T17:22:33","date_gmt":"2024-09-07T16:22:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=684206"},"modified":"2024-09-07T17:22:33","modified_gmt":"2024-09-07T16:22:33","slug":"4-kieu-truyen-nhiet-trong-dai-duong-va-bien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/4-kieu-truyen-nhiet-trong-dai-duong-va-bien\/","title":{"rendered":"4 Ki\u1ec3u Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t trong \u0110\u1ea1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">4 Ki\u1ec3u Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t trong \u0110\u1ea1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n: Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u, b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 bay h\u01a1i. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/4_kieu_truyen_nhiet_trong_dai_duong_va_bien.png\" alt=\"4 Ki\u1ec3u Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t trong \u0110\u1ea1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>4 Ki\u1ec3u Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t trong \u0110\u1ea1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00ed h\u1eadu to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n ki\u1ec3u truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<h2>1. D\u1eabn Nhi\u1ec7t (Conduction)<\/h2>\n<p>D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng qua v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u1eafn, n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t x\u1ea3y ra ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf l\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, n\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ecfng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n hay c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u01b0 r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t: T\u1eeb n\u01a1i n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch bi\u1ec3n<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbp b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>2. \u0110\u1ed1i L\u01b0u (Convection)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng qua chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed. Trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng s\u00e2u h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>X\u1ea3y ra do c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc di chuy\u1ec3n<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u00fap c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3. B\u1ee9c X\u1ea1 Nhi\u1ec7t (Radiation)<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung gian. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n<li>M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh<\/li>\n<li>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. Bay H\u01a1i (Evaporation)<\/h2>\n<p>Bay h\u01a1i l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u1ecfng sang kh\u00ed, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bay h\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>M\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc sang kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi<\/li>\n<li>G\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o chu tr\u00ecnh n\u01b0\u1edbc to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>B\u1ed1n ki\u1ec3u truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>4 Ki\u1ec3u Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t trong \u0110\u1ea1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n: Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u, b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 bay h\u01a1i. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>4 Ki\u1ec3u Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t trong \u0110\u1ea1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"4 Ki\u1ec3u Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t trong \u0110\u1ea1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n: Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u, b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 bay h\u01a1i. 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