{"id":685450,"date":"2024-07-21T12:40:12","date_gmt":"2024-07-21T11:40:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=685450"},"modified":"2024-07-21T12:40:12","modified_gmt":"2024-07-21T11:40:12","slug":"cac-dac-tinh-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-cach-dien-composite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cac-dac-tinh-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-cach-dien-composite\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n composite"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n composite: ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cac_dac_tinh_nhiet_cua_vat_lieu_cach_dien_composite.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n composite\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n composite<\/h2>\n<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n composite ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ng\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt do nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a hai hay nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u00ednh Nhi\u1ec7t D\u1eabn Su\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n<p>T\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t d\u1eabn su\u1ea5t (thermal conductivity) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n composite. T\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t d\u1eabn su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>T\u00ednh d\u1eabn su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \\(k\\) th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb W\/m\u00b7K.<\/li>\n<li>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \\(k\\) th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1ee7y tinh.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>H\u1ec7 S\u1ed1 Gi\u00e3n N\u1edf Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t (thermal expansion coefficient) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \\(\\alpha\\) v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb 1\/K (hay K\\(^{-1}\\)).<\/li>\n<li>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 pha tr\u1ed9n ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>Kh\u1ea3 N\u0103ng Ch\u1ecbu Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t composite l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a m\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y hay m\u1ea5t t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 1000\u00b0C.<\/li>\n<li>Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i g\u1ed1m hay carbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nhi\u1ec7t Chambra<\/h2>\n<p>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t chambra (thermal energy storage) c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n composite c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh.<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t cao nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111a pha c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c pha kh\u00e1c nhau trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>\u0110\u1ed9 B\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t (thermal stability) c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u duy tr\u00ec c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc khi b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t cao l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c pha v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i gia c\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee3i carbon trong ma tr\u1eadn polymer l\u00e0m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a composite.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t composite l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n composite: ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ 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