{"id":685678,"date":"2024-08-30T17:22:23","date_gmt":"2024-08-30T16:22:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=685678"},"modified":"2024-08-30T17:22:23","modified_gmt":"2024-08-30T16:22:23","slug":"truyen-nhiet-trong-lam-lanh-tu-tinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/truyen-nhiet-trong-lam-lanh-tu-tinh\/","title":{"rendered":"Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh; L\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/truyen_nhiet_trong_lam_lanh_tu_tinh.png\" alt=\"Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t Trong L\u00e0m L\u1ea1nh T\u1eeb T\u00ednh<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc, truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kh\u00ed n\u00e9n.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u01a1 Ch\u1ebf C\u1ee7a L\u00e0m L\u1ea1nh T\u1eeb T\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<p>L\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb (magnetocaloric effect &#8211; MCE), l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb t\u00ednh thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>Khi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb t\u00ednh (magnetic domains) c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li>Khi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb t\u00ednh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng, g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h3>Quy Tr\u00ecnh Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n<p><o1><\/p>\n<li>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng n\u00f3 l\u00ean.<\/li>\n<li>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u01b0 th\u1eeba.<\/li>\n<li>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb t\u00ednh sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly kh\u1ecfi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh n\u00f3 xu\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 ta mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n<p><\/o1><\/p>\n<h3>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng V\u00e0 L\u1ee3i \u00cdch<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong> \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 y h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> C\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n thu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u1eabu sinh h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h3>S\u1ef1 Ph\u00e1t Tri\u1ec3n C\u1ee7a V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u MCE<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb cao. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn khi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li><strong>Gadolinium (Gd):<\/strong> Kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb cao.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u1ee3p kim GdSiGe:<\/strong> H\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee7a gadolinium v\u1edbi silic v\u00e0 germani c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao.<\/li>\n<li><strong>MnFePAs:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>L\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh gi\u00fap ta c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh; L\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh; 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