{"id":686071,"date":"2024-07-23T12:11:34","date_gmt":"2024-07-23T11:11:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=686071"},"modified":"2024-07-23T12:11:34","modified_gmt":"2024-07-23T11:11:34","slug":"5-loai-tuabin-huong-tam-trong-he-thong-nang-luong-va-day","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/5-loai-tuabin-huong-tam-trong-he-thong-nang-luong-va-day\/","title":{"rendered":"5 Lo\u1ea1i Tuabin H\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00e2m Trong H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea9y"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 5 lo\u1ea1i tuabin h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea9y, nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5_loai_tuabin_huong_tam_trong_he_thong_nang_luong_va_day.png\" alt=\"5 Lo\u1ea1i Tuabin H\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00e2m Trong H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea9y\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>5 Lo\u1ea1i Tuabin H\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00e2m Trong H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea9y<\/h2>\n<p>Trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, tuabin h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c l\u1ecfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 5 lo\u1ea1i tuabin h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tuabin Dang L\u00faa<\/li>\n<li>Tuabin Gi\u00f3<\/li>\n<li>Tuabin H\u01a1i N\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li>\n<li>Tuabin Th\u1ee7y L\u1ef1c<\/li>\n<li>Tuabin Kh\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>1. Tuabin Dang L\u00faa<\/h2>\n<p>Tuabin dang l\u00faa (Pelton) l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tuabin s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eadp m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh g\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t tuabin dang l\u00faa:<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>P<\/b> = \u03c1 * <i>Q<\/i> * <i>g<\/i> * <i>H<\/i> * \u03b7<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>P<\/b>: C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t (W)<\/li>\n<li>\u03c1: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc (kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li><i>Q<\/i>: L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc (m<sup>3<\/sup>\/s)<\/li>\n<li><i>g<\/i>: Gia t\u1ed1c tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1eddng (m\/s<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li><i>H<\/i>: Chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc (m)<\/li>\n<li>\u03b7: Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tuabin<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>2. Tuabin Gi\u00f3<\/h2>\n<p>Tuabin gi\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t tuabin gi\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>P<\/b> = 0.5 * \u03c1 * A * v<sup>3<\/sup> * Cp * \u03b7<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>P<\/b>: C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t (W)<\/li>\n<li>\u03c1: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed (kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li>A: Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1nh g\u1ea1t (m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li>v: T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 (m\/s)<\/li>\n<li>Cp: H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1nh g\u1ea1t<\/li>\n<li>\u03b7: Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tuabin<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3. Tuabin H\u01a1i N\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n<p>Tuabin h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u1ec3 quay c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh g\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. Lo\u1ea1i tuabin n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t tuabin h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>P<\/b> = (\\(\\dot{m}\\) * (h<sub>1<\/sub> &#8211; h<sub>2<\/sub>)) * \u03b7<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>P<\/b>: C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t (W)<\/li>\n<li> \\(\\dot{m}\\): L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1i (kg\/s)<\/li>\n<li>h<sub>1<\/sub>: Entanpi c\u1ee7a h\u01a1i v\u00e0o (J\/kg)<\/li>\n<li>\th<sub>2<\/sub>: Entanpi c\u1ee7a h\u01a1i ra (J\/kg)<\/li>\n<li>\t\u03b7: Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tuabin<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. Tuabin Th\u1ee7y L\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n<p>Tuabin th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 quay tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tuabin dang l\u00faa, tuabin th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t tuabin th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c:<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>P<\/b> = \u03c1 * <i>Q<\/i> * <i>g<\/i> * <i>H<\/i> * \u03b7<\/p>\n<p>(C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 tuabin dang l\u00faa)<\/p>\n<h2>5. Tuabin Kh\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Tuabin kh\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. D\u00f2ng kh\u00ed n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m quay c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh g\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a tuabin \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t tuabin kh\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>P<\/b> = \\(\\dot{m}\\) * (h<sub>3<\/sub> &#8211; h<sub>4<\/sub>) * \u03b7<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>P<\/b>: C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t (W)<\/li>\n<li> \\(\\dot{m}\\): L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed (kg\/s)<\/li>\n<li>h<sub>3<\/sub>: Entanpi c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed v\u00e0o (J\/kg)<\/li>\n<li>\th<sub>4<\/sub>: Entanpi c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed ra (J\/kg)<\/li>\n<li>\t\u03b7: Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tuabin<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tuabin h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 5 lo\u1ea1i tuabin h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea9y, nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>5 Lo\u1ea1i Tuabin H\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00e2m Trong H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea9y<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u 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