{"id":687008,"date":"2024-10-31T23:52:55","date_gmt":"2024-10-31T22:52:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=687008"},"modified":"2024-10-31T23:52:55","modified_gmt":"2024-10-31T22:52:55","slug":"tinh-the-long-tinh-chat-quang-hoc-va-ung-dung-trong-man-hinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/tinh-the-long-tinh-chat-quang-hoc-va-ung-dung-trong-man-hinh\/","title":{"rendered":"Tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng | T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb tivi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tinh_the_long_tinh_chat_quang_hoc_va_ung_dung_trong_man_hinh.png\" alt=\"Tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng | T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng: T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n<p>Tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng (liquid crystal) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 r\u1eafn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 l\u1ecfng, m\u00e0 \u1edf gi\u1eefa hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y. Tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc phong ph\u00fa, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh LCD (Liquid Crystal Display).<\/p>\n<h2>T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t Quang H\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Tinh Th\u1ec3 L\u1ecfng<\/h2>\n<p>Tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed trong n\u00f3. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y gi\u00fap thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh quang h\u1ecdc, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quang th\u00f4ng tin hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>L\u01b0\u1ee1ng chi\u1ebft h\u1ecdc (Birefringence):<\/b> Khi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111i qua tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng, n\u00f3 b\u1ecb kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 theo hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1ea1o ra hai tia s\u00e1ng v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n<li><b>S\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1:<\/b> Tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<li><bHi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n quang (Electro-optical effect):<\/b> Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m cho tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong M\u00e0n H\u00ecnh LCD<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e0n h\u00ecnh LCD l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng. M\u00e0n h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111i qua l\u1edbp m\u00e0n. C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh LCD g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>T\u1ea5m n\u1ec1n (Backlight):<\/b> Cung c\u1ea5p \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cho m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<li><b>T\u1ea5m ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c (Polarizer):<\/b> L\u1ecdc \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng truy\u1ec1n qua.<\/li>\n<li><b>L\u1edbp tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng (Liquid Crystal Layer):<\/b> \u0110\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00f3c quay c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/li>\n<li><b>K\u00ednh n\u1ec1n (Glass Substrate):<\/b> B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u00ean trong m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<li><b>B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (Controller):<\/b> \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, ph\u00e2n t\u1eed tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng, l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111i qua l\u1edbp n\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1ea3nh tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u00e1ng, t\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1ea1o ra h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<h2>Nh\u1eefng \u01afu \u0110i\u1ec3m C\u1ee7a M\u00e0n H\u00ecnh LCD<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/b> M\u00e0n h\u00ecnh LCD ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u00edt \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 CRT.<\/li>\n<li><b>Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u00e0u s\u1eafc ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c:<\/b> M\u00e0n h\u00ecnh LCD c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u00e0u s\u1eafc r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 TV, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li><b>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ecfng nh\u1eb9:<\/b> LCD nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 m\u1ecfng, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, nh\u1edd t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh LCD kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cao, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb tivi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng | 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