{"id":687546,"date":"2024-07-31T16:32:42","date_gmt":"2024-07-31T15:32:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=687546"},"modified":"2024-07-31T16:32:42","modified_gmt":"2024-07-31T15:32:42","slug":"gallium-long-diem-nong-chay-thap-ung-dung-trong-dien-tu-va-hop-kim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/gallium-long-diem-nong-chay-thap-ung-dung-trong-dien-tu-va-hop-kim\/","title":{"rendered":"Gallium L\u1ecfng | \u0110i\u1ec3m N\u00f3ng Ch\u1ea3y Th\u1ea5p, \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed V\u00e0 H\u1ee3p Kim"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Ga-li-lu\u00f4n l\u1ecfng | \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim, m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng m\u1edbi trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/gallium_long_diem_nong_chay_thap_ung_dung_trong_dien_tu_va_hop_kim.png\" alt=\"Gallium L\u1ecfng | \u0110i\u1ec3m N\u00f3ng Ch\u1ea3y Th\u1ea5p, \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed V\u00e0 H\u1ee3p Kim\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Gallium L\u1ecfng | \u0110i\u1ec3m N\u00f3ng Ch\u1ea3y Th\u1ea5p, \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed V\u00e0 H\u1ee3p Kim<\/h2>\n<p>Gallium l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u Ga v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed l\u00e0 31. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf gallium l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, ch\u1ec9 \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 29.76\u00b0C (85.57\u00b0F), do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u1edf g\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0110i\u1ec3m N\u00f3ng Ch\u1ea3y Th\u1ea5p<\/h2>\n<p>V\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p, gallium c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi \u1edf d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng, gallium c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn: n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gallium tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1ecfng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, gallium c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn:<\/b> Gallium k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi arsen (GaAs) hay nit\u01a1 (GaN) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. GaAs v\u00e0 GaN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u01b0 \u0111i-\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t quang (LEDs), pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao.<\/li>\n<li><b>H\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed:<\/b> Gallium c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Do t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c, c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a gallium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim h\u00e0n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong H\u1ee3p Kim<\/h2>\n<p>Gallium c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u1ee3p kim v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c, mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>H\u1ee3p kim v\u1edbi nh\u00f4m:<\/b> Gallium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u00f4m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng oxy h\u00f3a, t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><b>H\u1ee3p kim h\u00e0n:<\/b> Gallium h\u1ee3p kim v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 indium ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfc t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim h\u00e0n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hay c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>V\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c, gallium m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u1ea3 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim. T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ee3p kim h\u00e0n, s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a gallium gi\u00fap n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 gallium v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ga-li-lu\u00f4n l\u1ecfng | \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim, m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng m\u1edbi trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Gallium L\u1ecfng | \u0110i\u1ec3m N\u00f3ng Ch\u1ea3y Th\u1ea5p, \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed V\u00e0 H\u1ee3p Kim<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ga-li-lu\u00f4n l\u1ecfng | \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim, m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng m\u1edbi trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link 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