{"id":687856,"date":"2024-09-10T01:35:04","date_gmt":"2024-09-10T00:35:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=687856"},"modified":"2024-09-10T01:35:04","modified_gmt":"2024-09-10T00:35:04","slug":"thuy-ngan-tinh-chat-dac-biet-va-ung-dung-trong-khoa-hoc-va-cong-nghiep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/thuy-ngan-tinh-chat-dac-biet-va-ung-dung-trong-khoa-hoc-va-cong-nghiep\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ee7y Ng\u00e2n | T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t \u0110\u1eb7c Bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong Khoa H\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Th\u1ee7y Ng\u00e2n | T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/thuy_ngan_tinh_chat_dac_biet_va_ung_dung_trong_khoa_hoc_va_cong_nghiep.png\" alt=\"Th\u1ee7y Ng\u00e2n | T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t \u0110\u1eb7c Bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong Khoa H\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Th\u1ee7y Ng\u00e2n | T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t \u0110\u1eb7c Bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong Khoa H\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p<\/h2>\n<p>Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n (Hg) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i duy nh\u1ea5t t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u1ecfng t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t \u0110\u1eb7c Bi\u1ec7t C\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7y Ng\u00e2n<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9 N\u00f3ng Ch\u1ea3y Th\u1ea5p:<\/b> Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y l\u00e0 -38.83\u00b0C, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li><b>M\u1eadt \u0110\u1ed9 Cao:<\/b> Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao, 13.534 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>, l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0110\u1ed9 D\u1eabn \u0110i\u1ec7n:<\/b> Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1t, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 h\u1eefu \u00edch trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong Khoa H\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p<\/h2>\n<h3>Nhi\u1ec7t K\u1ebf Th\u1ee7y Ng\u00e2n<\/h3>\n<p>Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf do t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7c d\u00e3n n\u1edf v\u00e0 co l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i cho ph\u00e9p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<h3>Barometer Th\u1ee7y Ng\u00e2n<\/h3>\n<p>Trong kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc, th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong barometer \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. Do c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao, th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng d\u00e3n n\u1edf ho\u1eb7c co l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0110\u00e8n Hu\u1ef3nh Quang<\/h3>\n<p>Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n hu\u1ef3nh quang. Khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua h\u01a1i th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ef1c t\u00edm (UV), \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t phosphor b\u00ean trong b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n<h3>Pin Th\u1ee7y Ng\u00e2n<\/h3>\n<p>Pin th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n (mercury battery) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pin th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pin kh\u00e1c an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h2>R\u1ee7i Ro v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p An To\u00e0n<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Ng\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ed9c Th\u1ee7y Ng\u00e2n:<\/b> Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 g\u00e2y \u00f9 tai, run r\u1ea9y, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n th\u1ea7n kinh khi ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<li><b>X\u1eed L\u00fd v\u00e0 L\u01b0u Tr\u1eef:<\/b> Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li><b>T\u00e1i Ch\u1ebf:<\/b> Do t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9a th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Th\u1ee7y Ng\u00e2n | T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Th\u1ee7y Ng\u00e2n | T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t \u0110\u1eb7c Bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong Khoa H\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Th\u1ee7y Ng\u00e2n | T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh 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