{"id":689309,"date":"2024-07-31T15:36:13","date_gmt":"2024-07-31T14:36:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=689309"},"modified":"2024-07-31T15:36:13","modified_gmt":"2024-07-31T14:36:13","slug":"chat-long-viscoelastic-ung-pho-cang-thang-khoa-hoc-vat-lieu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/chat-long-viscoelastic-ung-pho-cang-thang-khoa-hoc-vat-lieu\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng viscoelastic | \u1ee8ng ph\u00f3 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng &#038; Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng viscoelastic: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chat_long_viscoelastic_ung_pho_cang_thang_khoa_hoc_vat_lieu.png\" alt=\"Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng viscoelastic | \u1ee8ng ph\u00f3 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng &#038; Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng Viscoelastic: \u1ee8ng Ph\u00f3 C\u0103ng Th\u1eb3ng &#038; Khoa H\u1ecdc V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng viscoelastic (ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i nh\u1edbt) l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. Nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c Khoa H\u1ecdc V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt Nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t Viscoelastic<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt (Viscosity):<\/strong> T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u1ecfa qua c\u00e1c l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c nhau khi c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1ee3t. \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u b\u1edfi <i>\u03b7<\/i> v\u00e0 \u0111o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb Pascal gi\u00e2y (Pa\u2022s).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i (Elasticity):<\/strong> \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u khi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ee1 b\u1ecf. \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n qua m\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i (Elastic Modulus), k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 <i>G<\/i> v\u00e0 \u0111o b\u1eb1ng Pascal (Pa).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng Ph\u00f3 C\u0103ng Th\u1eb3ng<\/h2>\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng viscoelastic ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i t\u1ee9c th\u00ec:<\/strong> T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi m\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c khi c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t nh\u1edbt ch\u1eadm d\u1ea7n:<\/strong> \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb t\u1eeb theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Maxwell, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t viscoelastic, bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\sigma(t) + \\frac{\\eta}{G} \\frac{d\\sigma(t)}{dt} = \\eta \\frac{d\\epsilon(t)}{dt} \\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>\u03c3(t)<\/i> l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m <i>t<\/i>.<\/li>\n<li><i>\u03b7<\/i> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt.<\/li>\n<li><i>G<\/i> l\u00e0 m\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i.<\/li>\n<li><i>\u03b5(t)<\/i> l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m <i>t<\/i>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Khoa H\u1ecdc V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u V\u00e0 \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>Trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng viscoelastic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t polyme, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 y h\u1ecdc. Nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cao m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bi\u00ean d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u01a1n v\u00e0 keo d\u00e1n:<\/strong> Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt cao \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e0 v\u1eabn d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thi c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf:<\/strong> Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng viscoelastic d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gel v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n y t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t viscoelastic s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1edbi trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng viscoelastic: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng viscoelastic | \u1ee8ng ph\u00f3 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng &amp; Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng viscoelastic: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh 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