{"id":692389,"date":"2024-11-11T04:48:01","date_gmt":"2024-11-11T03:48:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=692389"},"modified":"2024-11-11T04:48:01","modified_gmt":"2024-11-11T03:48:01","slug":"khi-deuterium-hop-hach-hat-nhan-tan-xa-nhiet-neutron","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/khi-deuterium-hop-hach-hat-nhan-tan-xa-nhiet-neutron\/","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u00ed Deuterium | H\u1ee3p H\u1ea1ch H\u1ea1t Nh\u00e2n, T\u00e1n X\u1ea1 Nhi\u1ec7t Neutron"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Kh\u00ed Deuterium: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t neutron trong thermal engineering. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/khi_deuterium_hop_hach_hat_nhan_tan_xa_nhiet_neutron.png\" alt=\"Kh\u00ed Deuterium | H\u1ee3p H\u1ea1ch H\u1ea1t Nh\u00e2n, T\u00e1n X\u1ea1 Nhi\u1ec7t Neutron\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Kh\u00ed Deuterium | H\u1ee3p H\u1ea1ch H\u1ea1t Nh\u00e2n, T\u00e1n X\u1ea1 Nhi\u1ec7t Neutron<\/h2>\n<p>Deuterium, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hydro n\u1eb7ng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a hydro v\u1edbi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 <sup>2<\/sup>H ho\u1eb7c D. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t proton v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t neutron trong h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi hydro th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng <sup>1<\/sup>H ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t proton m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 neutron. Deuterium xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kho\u1ea3ng 0,0156% (ho\u1eb7c kho\u1ea3ng 1 tr\u00ean 6420 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed hydro).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>H\u1ee3p H\u1ea1ch H\u1ea1t Nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>H\u1ee3p h\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 hai h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nh\u1eb9 h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n ra trong c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i sao. Deuterium l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1ch do c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1eefa kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa hai h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n deuterium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p><sup>2<\/sup>H + <sup>2<\/sup>H \u2192 <sup>3<\/sup>He + n + 3.27 MeV<\/p>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn, l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan tr\u1ecdng cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00e1n X\u1ea1 Nhi\u1ec7t Neutron<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00e1n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t neutron l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Neutron \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra t\u1eeb ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p>Deuterium l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm neutron t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, do h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hy\u0111ro n\u1eb7ng v\u1edbi neutron t\u1ef1 do c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a neutron nhanh ch\u00f3ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t neutron v\u1edbi deuterium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p>n + D \u2192 D + n<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho neutron, v\u00e0 D \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho deuterium.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm c\u00e1c neutron hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, deuterium th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eb7ng (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00f2 CANDU), l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng urani t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean thay v\u00ec urani \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Deuterium, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u1ecf trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 l\u1edbn trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t neutron. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, mang l\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng deuterium v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c thu h\u00fat d\u00e2n c\u00f4ng khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kh\u00ed Deuterium: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t neutron trong thermal engineering. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Kh\u00ed Deuterium | H\u1ee3p H\u1ea1ch H\u1ea1t Nh\u00e2n, T\u00e1n X\u1ea1 Nhi\u1ec7t Neutron<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kh\u00ed Deuterium: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t neutron trong thermal engineering. 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