{"id":693962,"date":"2024-07-31T20:54:18","date_gmt":"2024-07-31T19:54:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=693962"},"modified":"2024-07-31T20:54:18","modified_gmt":"2024-07-31T19:54:18","slug":"kha-nang-dan-nhiet-trong-khung-kim-loai-huu-co","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/kha-nang-dan-nhiet-trong-khung-kim-loai-huu-co\/","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t trong khung kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu c\u01a1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t trong khung kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu c\u01a1: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/kha_nang_dan_nhiet_trong_khung_kim_loai_huu_co.png\" alt=\"Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t trong khung kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu c\u01a1\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Kh\u1ea3 N\u0103ng D\u1eabn Nhi\u1ec7t Trong Khung Kim Lo\u1ea1i H\u1eefu C\u01a1<\/h2>\n<p>Khung kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (Metal-Organic Frameworks &#8211; MOFs) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u lai gh\u00e9p gi\u1eefa kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1, c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u1ed1p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a MOFs l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a MOFs v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h3>Kh\u00e1i Ni\u1ec7m Khung Kim Lo\u1ea1i H\u1eefu C\u01a1<\/h3>\n<p>Khung kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi 3D \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ion kim lo\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ed1i t\u1eed h\u1eefu c\u01a1. Do c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u1ed1p, MOFs c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang th\u1ea5p, l\u00e0m ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h3>Kh\u1ea3 N\u0103ng D\u1eabn Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (thermal conductivity), th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \\( \\kappa \\). H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Khung kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng do c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u1ed1p v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1eefu c\u01a1.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1 \u1ea2nh H\u01b0\u1edfng<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi:<\/strong> C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7 x\u1ed1p trong MOFs \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n s\u1ebd d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lo\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i t\u1eed:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a ion kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i t\u1eed h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc m\u1ea1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang:<\/strong> Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t do c\u00f3 \u00edt v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a MOFs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/strong> Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a MOFs c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u1ede nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean do dao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>T\u00ednh To\u00e1n H\u1ec7 S\u1ed1 D\u1eabn Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Fourier v\u1ec1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ q = -\\kappa \\frac{dT}{dx} \\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\( q \\) l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\kappa \\) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\frac{dT}{dx} \\) l\u00e0 gradient nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng C\u1ee7a MOFs Trong K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>Khung kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t. MOFs v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a MOFs v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t trong khung kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu c\u01a1: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t trong khung kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu c\u01a1<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t trong khung kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu c\u01a1: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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