{"id":694424,"date":"2024-09-17T03:28:35","date_gmt":"2024-09-17T02:28:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=694424"},"modified":"2024-09-17T03:28:35","modified_gmt":"2024-09-17T02:28:35","slug":"ung-dung-dong-chay-cua-chat-long-phi-newton","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/ung-dung-dong-chay-cua-chat-long-phi-newton\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ung_dung_dong_chay_cua_chat_long_phi_newton.png\" alt=\"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c <strong>k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong>, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Newton v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bentonite clay suspensions<\/li>\n<li>Ketchup<\/li>\n<li>Blood<\/li>\n<li>Shampoo<\/li>\n<li>Honey<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean <u>m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng<\/u>. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u1ea3 d\u1ebbo<\/strong> (pseudoplastic): \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt gi\u1ea3m khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng t\u0103ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ketchup.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u00e3n n\u1edf<\/strong> (dilatant): \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt t\u0103ng khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng t\u0103ng, m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 l\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u1ed9t b\u1eafp v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc (oobleck).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c th\u1eddi gian<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 <em>thixotropic<\/em> hay <em>rheopectic<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/p>\n<h3>1. Trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong <strong>trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong>, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, d\u1ea7u gia nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t phi Newton.<\/p>\n<h3>2. B\u00f4i tr\u01a1n<\/h3>\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u nh\u1edbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng cao, gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec l\u1edbp b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m m\u00e0i m\u00f2n trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/h3>\n<p>Trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton nh\u01b0 kem, mayonnaise v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n<h2>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton<\/h2>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton:<\/p>\n<p><em>1. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng gi\u1ea3 d\u1ebbo<\/em>:<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\n\\tau = \\tau_0 + K \\cdot \\dot{\\gamma}^n<br \/>\n\\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(\\tau\\) l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\tau_0\\) l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<li>K l\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\dot{\\gamma}\\) l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n<li>n l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh vi (th\u01b0\u1eddng n < 1 cho ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u1ea3 d\u1ebbo).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>2. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Bingham:<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\n\\tau = \\tau_0 + \\eta \\cdot \\dot{\\gamma}<br \/>\n\\]\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng Bingham, n\u01a1i \\(\\eta\\) l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to l\u1edbn v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n, v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phi Newton trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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