{"id":695127,"date":"2024-10-02T21:51:03","date_gmt":"2024-10-02T20:51:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=695127"},"modified":"2024-10-02T21:51:03","modified_gmt":"2024-10-02T20:51:03","slug":"cac-ky-thuat-do-luu-luong-trong-nghien-cuu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cac-ky-thuat-do-luu-luong-trong-nghien-cuu\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u: C\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cac_ky_thuat_do_luu_luong_trong_nghien_cuu.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt \u0110o L\u01b0u L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Trong Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u<\/h2>\n<p>Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>L\u01b0u L\u01b0\u1ee3ng K\u1ebf C\u00e1nh Qu\u1ea1t<\/li>\n<li>L\u01b0u L\u01b0\u1ee3ng K\u1ebf Nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n<li>L\u01b0u L\u01b0\u1ee3ng K\u1ebf Xo\u00e1y<\/li>\n<li>\u0110o L\u01b0u L\u01b0\u1ee3ng S\u1eed D\u1ee5ng Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee8ng Coriolis<\/li>\n<li>\u0110o L\u01b0u L\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1eb1ng Si\u00eau \u00c2m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>L\u01b0u L\u01b0\u1ee3ng K\u1ebf C\u00e1nh Qu\u1ea1t<\/h3>\n<p>L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t quay \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. Khi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed \u0111i qua thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t s\u1ebd quay v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<h3>L\u01b0u L\u01b0\u1ee3ng K\u1ebf Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, khi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed \u0111i qua, cho bi\u1ebft t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y:<\/p>\n<p>Q = m * c_p * \u0394T<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Q: Nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n<\/li>\n<li>m: L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i<\/li>\n<li>c_p: Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang<\/li>\n<li>\u0394T: S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>L\u01b0u L\u01b0\u1ee3ng K\u1ebf Xo\u00e1y<\/h3>\n<p>L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf xo\u00e1y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c xo\u00e1y trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. M\u1ed9t v\u1eadt ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c xo\u00e1y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3. T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c xo\u00e1y t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c xo\u00e1y n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0110o L\u01b0u L\u01b0\u1ee3ng S\u1eed D\u1ee5ng Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee8ng Coriolis<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Coriolis d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd l\u1ef1c Coriolis. Khi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed di chuy\u1ec3n qua m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng u\u1ed1n cong, l\u1ef1c Coriolis s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng. S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i (Mass Flow Rate &#8211; m\u02d9).<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan:<\/p>\n<p>F_c = 2 * m * (v * \u03c9)<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>F_c: L\u1ef1c Coriolis<\/li>\n<li>m: L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i<\/li>\n<li>v: V\u1eadn t\u1ed1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y<\/li>\n<li>\u03c9: T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u00f3c c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0110o L\u01b0u L\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1eb1ng Si\u00eau \u00c2m<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng si\u00eau \u00e2m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00f3ng \u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. C\u00f3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh: Si\u00eau \u00e2m th\u1eddi gian bay v\u00e0 si\u00eau \u00e2m Doppler. Trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eddi gian bay, s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn qua d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c. Th\u1eddi gian s\u00f3ng di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa hai c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Doppler d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng \u00e2m do hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Doppler, khi s\u00f3ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao trong vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u: C\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt 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