{"id":695222,"date":"2024-08-07T05:14:34","date_gmt":"2024-08-07T04:14:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=695222"},"modified":"2024-08-07T05:14:34","modified_gmt":"2024-08-07T04:14:34","slug":"truyen-nhiet-trong-dong-chay-chat-long","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/truyen-nhiet-trong-dong-chay-chat-long\/","title":{"rendered":"Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ngay \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u0103n b\u1ea3n!<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/truyen_nhiet_trong_dong_chay_chat_long.png\" alt=\"Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/h2>\n<p>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra th\u00f4ng qua ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh: d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1. Trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c l\u1ecfng do s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ean trong ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Fourier v\u1ec1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y:\n<p>\n      \\( q = -k \\frac{dT}{dx} \\)\n    <\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>q: Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eabn qua m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian (W\/m\u00b2)<\/li>\n<li>k: H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (W\/m\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li>dT\/dx: Gradient nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 theo kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch (K\/m)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 mang theo n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb n\u01a1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Newton v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t:\n<p>\n      \\( q = hA(T_s &#8211; T_\\infty) \\)\n    <\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>q: Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u (W)<\/li>\n<li>h: H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u (W\/m\u00b2\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li>A: Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t (m\u00b2)<\/li>\n<li>T_s: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (K)<\/li>\n<li>T_\\infty: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u1edf xa b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (K)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9:<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng gian trong nh\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u00f4 t\u00f4:<\/strong> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong> N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong c\u00e1c tua bin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m:<\/strong> Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1edd gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ngay \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u0103n b\u1ea3n!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t. 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