{"id":695453,"date":"2024-09-22T20:23:12","date_gmt":"2024-09-22T19:23:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=695453"},"modified":"2024-09-22T20:23:12","modified_gmt":"2024-09-22T19:23:12","slug":"co-hoc-chat-long-trong-he-thong-nang-luong-tai-tao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/co-hoc-chat-long-trong-he-thong-nang-luong-tai-tao\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o: Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xanh v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/co_hoc_chat_long_trong_he_thong_nang_luong_tai_tao.png\" alt=\"C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tuabin gi\u00f3, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t cho n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h2>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong tuabin gi\u00f3<\/h2>\n<p>Tuabin gi\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i qua c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a tuabin, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00e0m quay c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t, bi\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u00c1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc:<\/b> \u00c1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t.<\/li>\n<li><b>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Bernoulli:<\/b> Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ef1c n\u00e2ng c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n<p>Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec3 quay m\u1ed9t tuabin, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 tuabin \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc (Q):<\/b> L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n. L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:\n<div>\n    \\( Q = A \\cdot v \\)\n    <\/div>\n<p>    trong \u0111\u00f3 A l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 v l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc.\n  <\/li>\n<li><b>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng (E):<\/b> N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng khi n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 cao xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:\n<div>\n    \\( E_p = m \\cdot g \\cdot h \\)\n    <\/div>\n<p>    trong \u0111\u00f3 m l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, g l\u00e0 gia t\u1ed1c tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 h l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 cao.\n  <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/h2>\n<p>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gia nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc hay d\u1ea7u trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu nhi\u1ec7t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ho\u1eb7c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u:<\/b> Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><b>L\u01b0u th\u00f4ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n:<\/b> Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a tuabin gi\u00f3, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n, cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o: Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xanh v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO 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