{"id":695586,"date":"2024-11-02T08:35:26","date_gmt":"2024-11-02T07:35:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=695586"},"modified":"2024-11-02T08:35:26","modified_gmt":"2024-11-02T07:35:26","slug":"mo-hinh-thuy-luc-cua-he-thong-song-ngoi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/mo-hinh-thuy-luc-cua-he-thong-song-ngoi\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, l\u0169 l\u1ee5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/mo_hinh_thuy_luc_cua_he_thong_song_ngoi.png\" alt=\"M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc di chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ngo\u1ea1i vi nh\u01b0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o l\u0169 l\u1ee5t, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadp, v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Q) l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y qua m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c Q = A * V, trong \u0111\u00f3 A l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang v\u00e0 V l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/li>\n<li>Chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u: Chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u n\u01b0\u1edbc (H) \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y: T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y (V) l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc di chuy\u1ec3n trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n bi\u00ean: \u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh l\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean kh\u00e1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc di chuy\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 Bernoulli l\u00e0 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1edfi: Q_in = Q_out. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Bernoulli: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1edfi: P + 0.5 * \u03c1V^2 + \u03c1gh = constant, trong \u0111\u00f3 P l\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, \u03c1 l\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc, V l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, g l\u00e0 gia t\u1ed1c tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 h l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<p><o1><\/p>\n<li>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u0169: D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u0169 l\u1ee5t, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a.<\/li>\n<li>Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7u, c\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: Theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<p><\/o1><\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, l\u0169 l\u1ee5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - 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