{"id":696099,"date":"2024-09-22T20:53:07","date_gmt":"2024-09-22T19:53:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=696099"},"modified":"2024-09-22T20:53:07","modified_gmt":"2024-09-22T19:53:07","slug":"cong-nghe-khu-muoi-bang-nhiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cong-nghe-khu-muoi-bang-nhiet\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Kh\u1eed Mu\u1ed1i B\u1eb1ng Nhi\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Kh\u1eed Mu\u1ed1i B\u1eb1ng Nhi\u1ec7t: Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf mu\u1ed1i kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, bi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt s\u1ea1ch, an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cong_nghe_khu_muoi_bang_nhiet.png\" alt=\"C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Kh\u1eed Mu\u1ed1i B\u1eb1ng Nhi\u1ec7t\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Kh\u1eed Mu\u1ed1i B\u1eb1ng Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u01b0u, nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd bay h\u01a1i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5. N\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9a mu\u1ed1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111un n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m bay h\u01a1i, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc tinh khi\u1ebft, sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb bay h\u01a1i.<\/li>\n<li>N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111un n\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch, ho\u1eb7c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<li>H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9a \u00edt ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc tinh khi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<li>N\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt sau khi ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Kh\u1eed Mu\u1ed1i B\u1eb1ng Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed7i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/p>\n<p><o1><\/p>\n<li><b>Ch\u01b0ng C\u1ea5t \u0110\u01a1n Gi\u1ea3n<\/b>: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ed3i \u0111un \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111un n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<li><b>Ch\u01b0ng C\u1ea5t Nhi\u1ec1u Giai \u0110o\u1ea1n (Multiple-effect Distillation &#8211; MED)<\/b>: Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 bay h\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau. H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nung n\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo, gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<li><b>Ch\u01b0ng C\u1ea5t N\u00e9n H\u01a1i (Vapor Compression Distillation &#8211; VCD)<\/b>: H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 nung n\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<p><\/o1><\/p>\n<h2>\u01afu \u0110i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110i\u1ec3m<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li><b>\u01afu \u0110i\u1ec3m<\/b>:<\/li>\n<p>\t<o1><\/p>\n<li>Cho n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi sinh v\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c khan hi\u1ebfm n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt.<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/o1><\/p>\n<li><b>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110i\u1ec3m<\/b>:<\/li>\n<p>\t<o1><\/p>\n<li>Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n<li>Chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cao.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9a mu\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n<p>\t<\/o1><br \/>\n<\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt cho c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc gi\u1eefa hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Kh\u1eed Mu\u1ed1i B\u1eb1ng Nhi\u1ec7t: Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf mu\u1ed1i kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, bi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt s\u1ea1ch, an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Kh\u1eed 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