{"id":696175,"date":"2024-11-17T06:23:42","date_gmt":"2024-11-17T05:23:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=696175"},"modified":"2024-11-17T06:23:42","modified_gmt":"2024-11-17T05:23:42","slug":"mo-hinh-chat-luong-khong-khi-trong-khu-vuc-do-thi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/mo-hinh-chat-luong-khong-khi-trong-khu-vuc-do-thi\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb gi\u00fap d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/mo_hinh_chat_luong_khong_khi_trong_khu_vuc_do_thi.png\" alt=\"M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>M\u00f4 H\u00ecnh Ch\u1ea5t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Kh\u00f4ng Kh\u00ed Trong Khu V\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4 Th\u1ecb<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, n\u01a1i t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u01b0, vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf m\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<h2>Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1 \u1ea2nh H\u01b0\u1edfng T\u1edbi Ch\u1ea5t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Kh\u00f4ng Kh\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i:<\/strong> C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u01b0 CO<sub>2<\/sub>, NO<sub>x<\/sub> v\u00e0 b\u1ee5i m\u1ecbn PM<sub>2.5<\/sub>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft:<\/strong> Gi\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ho\u1eb7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>M\u00f4 H\u00ecnh Ch\u1ea5t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Kh\u00f4ng Kh\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00f4 H\u00ecnh Ph\u00e2n T\u00e1n<\/h3>\n<p>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n<p><i>Q = E &#8211; D<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>Q<\/i> l\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/li>\n<li><i>E<\/i> l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n.<\/li>\n<li><i>D<\/i> l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt do c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>M\u00f4 H\u00ecnh H\u00f3a H\u1ecdc<\/h3>\n<p>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh sau:<\/p>\n<p><i>O<sub>3<\/sub> + NO \u2192 NO<sub>2<\/sub> + O<sub>2<\/sub><\/i><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3, O<sub>3<\/sub> (ozon) ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi NO (nit\u01a1 oxit) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra NO<sub>2<\/sub> (nit\u01a1 dioxide) v\u00e0 O<sub>2<\/sub> (oxy).<\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb:<\/strong> Gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, d\u00e2n c\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/strong> H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> Cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb gi\u00fap d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed 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