{"id":696232,"date":"2024-10-14T23:57:34","date_gmt":"2024-10-14T22:57:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=696232"},"modified":"2024-10-14T23:57:34","modified_gmt":"2024-10-14T22:57:34","slug":"dong-luc-hoc-cua-chat-long-di-chuyen-trong-cac-thung-chua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/dong-luc-hoc-cua-chat-long-di-chuyen-trong-cac-thung-chua\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a: hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dong_luc_hoc_cua_chat_long_di_chuyen_trong_cac_thung_chua.png\" alt=\"\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc C\u1ee7a Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng Di Chuy\u1ec3n Trong C\u00e1c Th\u00f9ng Ch\u1ee9a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt l\u00fd, chuy\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, khi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a tu\u00e2n theo nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, bao g\u1ed3m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Navier-Stokes.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00ecnh Li\u00ean T\u1ee5c:<\/b> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00edn. D\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00e0:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\\(\\frac{\\partial \\rho}{\\partial t} + \\nabla \\cdot (\\rho \\mathbf{v}) = 0\\)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Trong \u0111\u00f3 \\(\\rho\\) l\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, \\(\\mathbf{v}\\) l\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 \\(\\nabla \\cdot (\\rho \\mathbf{v})\\) bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00ecnh Navier-Stokes:<\/b> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u00f3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Navier-Stokes trong d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\\(\\rho \\left( \\frac{\\partial \\mathbf{v}}{\\partial t} + (\\mathbf{v} \\cdot \\nabla) \\mathbf{v} \\right) = -\\nabla p + \\mu \\nabla^2 \\mathbf{v} + \\rho \\mathbf{g}\\)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Trong \u0111\u00f3 \\(\\mathbf{v}\\) l\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c, \\(p\\) l\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, \\(\\mu\\) l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt v\u00e0 \\(\\mathbf{g}\\) l\u00e0 gia t\u1ed1c tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng C\u1ee5 Th\u1ec3<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h3>K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><b>B\u1ed3n Ch\u1ee9a D\u1ea7u:<\/b> Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7u. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<li><b>H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng L\u00e0m M\u00e1t:<\/b> Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 xe c\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0110\u1eddi S\u1ed1ng H\u1eb1ng Ng\u00e0y<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><b>B\u00ecnh N\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/b> Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n trong b\u00ecnh n\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc ra \u0111\u1ec3 u\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li><b>B\u1ec3 B\u01a1i:<\/b> Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u01b0\u1edbc lu\u00f4n s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a: hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng 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