{"id":696327,"date":"2024-10-21T01:29:13","date_gmt":"2024-10-21T00:29:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=696327"},"modified":"2024-10-21T01:29:13","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T00:29:13","slug":"dong-chay-trong-hinh-hoc-phan-hinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/dong-chay-trong-hinh-hoc-phan-hinh\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y trong h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y trong h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh l\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dong_chay_trong_hinh_hoc_phan_hinh.png\" alt=\"D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y trong h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>D\u00f2ng Ch\u1ea3y Trong H\u00ecnh H\u1ecdc Ph\u00e2n H\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y trong h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh (fractal geometry) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng quan t\u00e2m. H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, mang l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng trong vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h2>H\u00ecnh H\u1ecdc Ph\u00e2n H\u00ecnh L\u00e0 G\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f3ng to kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 <em>t\u1eadp Mandelbrot<\/em>, m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m trong m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 (self-similarity), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Trao \u0110\u1ed5i Nhi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t. H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Khai Th\u00e1c N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 tuabin gi\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t khi t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng:<\/strong> H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u01a1m v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00ecnh V\u00e0 M\u00f4 H\u00ecnh H\u00f3a<\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y trong c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Navier-Stokes \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Fourier \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li>Quan h\u1ec7 Nusselt \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 MATLAB, ANSYS hay COMSOL.<\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y trong h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh mang l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t. T\u1eeb c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111ang m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y trong h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh l\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y trong h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y trong h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh l\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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