{"id":696346,"date":"2024-10-14T13:32:49","date_gmt":"2024-10-14T12:32:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=696346"},"modified":"2024-10-14T13:32:49","modified_gmt":"2024-10-14T12:32:49","slug":"tuong-tac-nhiet-long-trong-luu-tru-nang-luong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/tuong-tac-nhiet-long-trong-luu-tru-nang-luong\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t-l\u1ecfng trong l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t-l\u1ecfng trong l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tuong_tac_nhiet-long_trong_luu_tru_nang_luong.png\" alt=\"T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t-l\u1ecfng trong l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e1c Nhi\u1ec7t-L\u1ecfng Trong L\u01b0u Tr\u1eef N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n<p>Trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t-l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n C\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e1c Nhi\u1ec7t-L\u1ecfng<\/h2>\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t, nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n sang khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t: <\/p>\n<p>\\[ Q = m * c * \u0394T \\]\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li><b>Q<\/b>: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n (Joules, J)<\/li>\n<li><b>m<\/b>: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (kilogram, kg)<\/li>\n<li><b>c<\/b>: Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (J\/kg\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0394T<\/b>: S\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (Kelvin, K)<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n \u0111i (Q) t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (m), nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (c), v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u0394T).<\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong L\u01b0u Tr\u1eef N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t-l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<p><o1><\/p>\n<li><b>B\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t (TES &#8211; Thermal Energy Storage):<\/b> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t trung t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t. TES th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><b>Pin nhi\u1ec7t (Thermal Batteries):<\/b> Pin nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn hay ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong pin \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<li><b>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t lai (Hybrid Thermal Systems):<\/b> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea1p v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<p><\/o1><\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t-l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t-l\u1ecfng trong l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin 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