{"id":696365,"date":"2024-09-22T18:01:27","date_gmt":"2024-09-22T17:01:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=696365"},"modified":"2024-09-22T18:01:27","modified_gmt":"2024-09-22T17:01:27","slug":"dong-chay-va-truyen-nhiet-cua-chat-long-nano","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/dong-chay-va-truyen-nhiet-cua-chat-long-nano\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nano"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nano: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

\"D\u00f2ng<\/p>\n

D\u00f2ng Ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng Nano<\/h2>\n

Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nano, hay nano fluid, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u1ec1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi trong thermal engineering<\/i> (k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t), gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c T\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng Nano<\/h2>\n

Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nano ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 100 nanomet v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u01a1 s\u1edf (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c ethylene glycol). C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kim lo\u1ea1i, oxit kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t cacbon. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng Nano<\/h2>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n g\u1ed3m<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

  • Truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (Conduction<\/i>): S\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
  • \u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u (Convection<\/i>): S\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t do d\u00f2ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed.<\/li>\n
  • B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 (Radiation<\/i>): S\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua kh\u00f4ng gian d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nano c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng qua hai c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t: C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u1ec1n.<\/li>\n
  • S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u: C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    C\u00f4ng Th\u1ee9c Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n

    D\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t \\(Q\\) qua m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \\(A\\) v\u1edbi ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \\( \\Delta T \\) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Fourier:<\/p>\n

    \\[
    \nQ = -k*A*\\frac{dT}{dx}
    \n\\]\n

    Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • \\(k\\) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
  • \\( \\frac{dT}{dx}\\) l\u00e0 gradient nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 theo kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nano, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \\(k\\) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng do s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano, do \u0111\u00f3 \\(Q\\) c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

    \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng Nano<\/h2>\n

    Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nano c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t cho \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c.<\/li>\n
  • L\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n
  • C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n
  • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t thu nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n

    <\/o1><\/p>\n

    K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

    Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nano \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t. V\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nano kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nano: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nD\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nano<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nano: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, 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