{"id":696498,"date":"2024-11-29T03:16:03","date_gmt":"2024-11-29T02:16:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=696498"},"modified":"2024-11-29T03:16:03","modified_gmt":"2024-11-29T02:16:03","slug":"dong-chay-chat-long-trong-che-bien-khoang-san","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/dong-chay-chat-long-trong-che-bien-khoang-san\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n: C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

\"D\u00f2ng<\/p>\n

D\u00f2ng Ch\u1ea3y Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng Trong Ch\u1ebf Bi\u1ebfn Kho\u00e1ng S\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n<\/b>, d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch, l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb qu\u1eb7ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/b> (fluid dynamics). B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

Quy Tr\u00ecnh Ch\u1ebf Bi\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 xay qu\u1eb7ng th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9t m\u1ecbn.<\/li>\n
  • Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t qu\u00fd t\u1eeb b\u1ed9t qu\u1eb7ng.<\/li>\n
  • Thao t\u00e1c c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc tinh luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    C\u01a1 H\u1ecdc D\u00f2ng Ch\u1ea3y Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng<\/h2>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng sau:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt (Viscosity):<\/b> \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea3y. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt cao s\u1ebd ch\u1ea3y ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt th\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n
    2. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t (Pressure):<\/b> \u00c1p su\u1ea5t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
    3. L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Flow Rate):<\/b> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ea3y qua m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng l\u00edt\/gi\u00e2y (L\/s).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      C\u00f4ng Th\u1ee9c C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n

      M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y trong \u1ed1ng l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Bernoulli<\/b>. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

      \n P + \\frac{1}{2} \\rho v^2 + \\rho gh = \\text{const}.\n<\/p>\n

      Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • P: \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n
      • \\(\\rho\\): m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n
      • v: v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/li>\n
      • g: gia t\u1ed1c tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n
      • h: chi\u1ec1u cao.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong Ch\u1ebf Bi\u1ebfn Kho\u00e1ng S\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n

        Trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u01a1m v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u00f9n qu\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc qua c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t b\u01a1m, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n

        K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

        Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn di\u1ec5n ra m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n: C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nD\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n: C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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