{"id":696710,"date":"2024-11-16T06:13:55","date_gmt":"2024-11-16T05:13:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=696710"},"modified":"2024-11-16T06:13:55","modified_gmt":"2024-11-16T05:13:55","slug":"song-chan-dong-trong-chat-long","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/song-chan-dong-trong-chat-long\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">S\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng: Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/song_chan_dong_trong_chat_long.png\" alt=\"S\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>S\u00f3ng Ch\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ed9ng Trong Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng<\/h2>\n<p>S\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ecfng. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t lan truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u00fd Thuy\u1ebft C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n<p>S\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u00f3ng trong c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho s\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u2202<sup>2<\/sup>u\/\u2202t<sup>2<\/sup> = c<sup>2<\/sup>\u2207<sup>2<\/sup>u<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>u<\/strong> l\u00e0 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>t<\/strong> l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n<li><strong>c<\/strong> l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 lan truy\u1ec1n s\u00f3ng trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u2207<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong> l\u00e0 to\u00e1n t\u1eed Laplace, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u1ed9 cong c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00f3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0110i\u1ec3m C\u1ee7a S\u00f3ng Ch\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c s\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n s\u00f3ng<\/strong>: T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng \\( c \\) l\u00e0:<\/li>\n<p align=\"center\">c = \\sqrt{\\frac{K}{\u03c1}}<\/p>\n<li>Trong \u0111\u00f3 <strong>K<\/strong> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 <strong>\u03c1<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong>: S\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng xung quanh n\u00f3, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103ng v\u00e0 n\u00e9n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1<\/strong>: Khi s\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1eb7p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa hai m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00fac x\u1ea1, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a hai m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n<\/h2>\n<p>S\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/strong>: S\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh h\u00f3a b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u1ed5 m\u00ecn d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>: S\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch khai th\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong>: D\u00f9ng s\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt nh\u1ecf trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, s\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u00fa v\u1ecb m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1eefu \u00edch trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng: Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>S\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"S\u00f3ng 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