{"id":696862,"date":"2024-09-24T21:30:46","date_gmt":"2024-09-24T20:30:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=696862"},"modified":"2024-09-24T21:30:46","modified_gmt":"2024-09-24T20:30:46","slug":"co-hoc-chat-long-trong-che-bien-thuc-pham","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/co-hoc-chat-long-trong-che-bien-thuc-pham\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/co_hoc_chat_long_trong_che_bien_thuc_pham.png\" alt=\"C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/h2>\n<p>C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>L\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc (Hydrodynamics):<\/b> Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u00ean ch\u00fang. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn s\u1eefa, l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a s\u1eefa qua c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c.<\/li>\n<li><b>S\u1ee9c c\u0103ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (Surface Tension):<\/b> L\u1ef1c k\u00e9o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u0169 h\u00f3a, nh\u01b0 khi t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt trong s\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1t.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt (Viscosity):<\/b> Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khu\u1ea5y tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0 b\u01a1m c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 siro ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/h2>\n<p>C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0 khu\u1ea5y (Mixing and Stirring):<\/b> \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, nh\u01b0 s\u1eefa chua hay n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t, c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u khu\u1ea5y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<li><b>L\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 s\u01b0\u1edfi (Cooling and Heating):<\/b> C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 \\( Q = m \\cdot c \\cdot \\Delta T \\), trong \u0111\u00f3:\n<ul>\n<li>Q: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t (Joules)<\/li>\n<li>m: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (kg)<\/li>\n<li>c: Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang (J\/kg\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<li>\u0394T: S\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>B\u01a1m v\u00e0 d\u1eabn (Pumping and Piping):<\/b> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u01a1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Bernoulli:<br \/>\n    \\[ P_1 + \\frac{1}{2} \\cdot \\rho \\cdot v_1^{2} + \\rho \\cdot g \\cdot h_1 = P_2 + \\frac{1}{2} \\cdot \\rho \\cdot v_2^{2} + \\rho \\cdot g \\cdot h_2 \\]\n    Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>P: \u00c1p su\u1ea5t (Pa)<\/li>\n<li>\u03c1: M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li>v: V\u1eadn t\u1ed1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y (m\/s)<\/li>\n<li>g: Gia t\u1ed1c tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1eddng (9.81 m\/s<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li>h: \u0110\u1ed9 cao (m)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. \u0110\u1eebng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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