{"id":696941,"date":"2024-11-08T19:37:08","date_gmt":"2024-11-08T18:37:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=696941"},"modified":"2024-11-08T19:37:08","modified_gmt":"2024-11-08T18:37:08","slug":"cac-ky-thuat-tang-cuong-truyen-nhiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cac-ky-thuat-tang-cuong-truyen-nhiet\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cac_ky_thuat_tang_cuong_truyen_nhiet.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt T\u0103ng C\u01b0\u1eddng Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, l\u00f2 h\u01a1i, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt T\u0103ng C\u01b0\u1eddng Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Gia t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t:<\/b> Gia t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c c\u00e1nh t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a xe h\u01a1i, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n<li><b>Gia t\u0103ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t:<\/b> H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng l\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t.<\/li>\n<li><b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y nhi\u1ec5u \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/b> Khi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed ch\u1ea3y trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec5u \u0111\u1ed9ng (turbulent flow), kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t t\u0103ng l\u00ean do s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o b\u00ean trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trung gian:<\/b> C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trung gian nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t, glycol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li><b>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t:<\/b> B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng hay b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 gai.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00f4ng Th\u1ee9c V\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Fourrier:<\/b>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Fourrier cho ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t \\( q \\) qua m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>\\[ q = -k \\frac{dT}{dx} \\]\n<p>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y \\( k \\) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, \\( \\frac{dT}{dx} \\) l\u00e0 gradient nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t:<\/b>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ Q = hA(T_s &#8211; T_\\infty) \\]\n<p>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y \\( Q \\) l\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t, \\( h \\) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, \\( A \\) l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, \\( T_s \\) l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \\( T_\\infty \\) l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u00ean gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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