{"id":697169,"date":"2024-08-15T05:27:09","date_gmt":"2024-08-15T04:27:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=697169"},"modified":"2024-08-15T05:27:09","modified_gmt":"2024-08-15T04:27:09","slug":"cac-phuong-phap-lam-mat-sang-tao-cho-trung-tam-du-lieu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cac-phuong-phap-lam-mat-sang-tao-cho-trung-tam-du-lieu\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o cho trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o cho trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cao.<\/p>\n

\"C\u00e1c<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o cho trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

Trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (data center) l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, n\u01a1i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. L\u00e0m m\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n nay:<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/h3>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

  • Immersion cooling<\/b> (L\u00e0m m\u00e1t ng\u00e2m): C\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp trong c\u00e1c b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, gi\u00fap t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. <\/li>\n
  • Direct-to-chip cooling<\/b> (L\u00e0m m\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp chip): S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a chip m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t nhanh ch\u00f3ng. <\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    L\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/h3>\n

    Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00f3 m\u00e1t t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • Free cooling<\/b> (L\u00e0m m\u00e1t mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed): T\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n
  • Adiabatic cooling<\/b> (L\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebfn): B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gi\u1ea3m \u0111i do s\u1ef1 bay h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i qua c\u00e1c trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t. <\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    L\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

    L\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n (Thermoelectric cooling) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Peltier \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa hai b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ebd h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t ra.<\/p>\n

    L\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o<\/h3>\n

    Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap l\u00e0m m\u00e1t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • C\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t gi\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. <\/li>\n
  • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. <\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h3>\n

    Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o cho trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cao.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nC\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o cho trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o cho trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cao.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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