{"id":697419,"date":"2024-07-26T22:12:47","date_gmt":"2024-07-26T21:12:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=697419"},"modified":"2024-07-26T22:12:47","modified_gmt":"2024-07-26T21:12:47","slug":"kiem-soat-nhiet-trong-ky-thuat-hang-khong-vu-tru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/kiem-soat-nhiet-trong-ky-thuat-hang-khong-vu-tru\/","title":{"rendered":"Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5: C\u00e1ch k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho v\u1ec7 tinh, t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

\"Ki\u1ec3m<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m So\u00e1t Nhi\u1ec7t Trong K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt H\u00e0ng Kh\u00f4ng V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5<\/h2>\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Sao Ki\u1ec3m So\u00e1t Nhi\u1ec7t Quan Tr\u1ecdng?<\/h2>\n

Khi t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u1edf trong kh\u00f4ng gian, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, trong khi m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p khi \u1edf trong b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian. S\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ed9 Celsius.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u01a1 kh\u00ed tr\u00ean t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n an to\u00e0n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Ki\u1ec3m So\u00e1t Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

  • Chi\u1ebfu X\u1ea1<\/b>: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng mylar ho\u1eb7c kapton c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n
  • \u0110\u1ed1i L\u01b0u Ch\u00e2n Kh\u00f4ng<\/b>: Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c gas c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00edn.<\/li>\n
  • D\u1eabn Nhi\u1ec7t<\/b>: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/li>\n
  • H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng L\u00e0m M\u00e1t Ch\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/b>: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y b\u01a1m nhi\u1ec7t, b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng vi x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    V\u00ed D\u1ee5 Ti\u00eau Bi\u1ec3u<\/h2>\n

    M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea1m V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ISS). H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf m\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

    K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

    Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1, d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5: C\u00e1ch k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho v\u1ec7 tinh, t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nKi\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5: C\u00e1ch k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho v\u1ec7 tinh, t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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