{"id":697495,"date":"2024-10-12T21:50:35","date_gmt":"2024-10-12T20:50:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=697495"},"modified":"2024-10-12T21:50:35","modified_gmt":"2024-10-12T20:50:35","slug":"ung-dung-nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-nhiet-do-thap-trong-cong-nghe-khong-gian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/ung-dung-nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-nhiet-do-thap-trong-cong-nghe-khong-gian\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng gian"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng gian: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

\"\u1ee8ng<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng gian<\/h2>\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 cryogenics<\/em>, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng gian, n\u01a1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 sao cho hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian<\/h2>\n

Trong kh\u00f4ng gian, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, t\u1eeb c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 n\u00f3ng khi \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi t\u1edbi c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1nh khi \u1edf trong b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cryogenics \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng gian<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

  • L\u01b0u tr\u1eef nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u:<\/b> Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 kh\u00ed hydrogen v\u00e0 oxygen, v\u1ed1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p (kho\u1ea3ng -253\u00b0C cho hydrogen l\u1ecfng).<\/li>\n
  • B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed:<\/b> C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed trong t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cryogenics gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n
  • \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u00ean l\u1eeda:<\/b> C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u00ean l\u1eeda th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cryogenic \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. Khi nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfm nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    C\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p<\/h2>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p trong kh\u00f4ng gian, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng Dewar flask<\/em>, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

    L\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/b>
    \n <\/p>\n
  • T\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
  • B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/li>\n
  • M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc do c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n

    <\/o1>\n <\/li>\n

  • Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c:<\/b>
    \n <\/p>\n
  • \u0110\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n
  • Chi ph\u00ed cao v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cryogenics tr\u00ean t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/li>\n
  • Nguy c\u01a1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng cryogenic.<\/li>\n

    <\/o1>\n <\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng gian hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a cryogenics, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u trong kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng gian ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng gian: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng gian<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng gian: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong 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