{"id":697685,"date":"2024-11-28T16:25:21","date_gmt":"2024-11-28T15:25:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=697685"},"modified":"2024-11-28T16:25:21","modified_gmt":"2024-11-28T15:25:21","slug":"nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-trong-thiet-ke-xay-dung-ben-vung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-trong-thiet-ke-xay-dung-ben-vung\/","title":{"rendered":"Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng: \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/nhiet_dong_luc_hoc_trong_thiet_ke_xay_dung_ben_vung.png\" alt=\"Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/h2>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n ng\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean quan. Trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n<p><span>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng):<\/strong> N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean sinh ra hay m\u1ea5t \u0111i, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y sang d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u00e0y l\u00e0: \u0394U = Q &#8211; W, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0394U l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i n\u0103ng, Q l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 W l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd th\u1ee9 hai:<\/strong> Entropy c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 k\u00edn lu\u00f4n t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd gi\u1ea3m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean lu\u00f4n di\u1ec5n ra theo chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd th\u1ee9 ba:<\/strong> Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i 0 Kelvin, entropy c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd th\u1ee9 t\u01b0:<\/strong> C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian; ch\u00fang c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 v\u00e0 m\u00e1i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng HVAC hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m, th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed (HVAC) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/strong> Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u00edt n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng: \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng: \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-trong-thiet-ke-xay-dung-ben-vung\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng: \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-trong-thiet-ke-xay-dung-ben-vung\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Thermal Engineering\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-28T15:25:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/nhiet_dong_luc_hoc_trong_thiet_ke_xay_dung_ben_vung.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Nick Connor\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\">\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"Thermal Engineering\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-trong-thiet-ke-xay-dung-ben-vung\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/nhiet_dong_luc_hoc_trong_thiet_ke_xay_dung_ben_vung.png\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":1000,\"caption\":\"Nhi\\u1ec7t \\u0111\\u1ed9ng l\\u1ef1c h\\u1ecdc trong thi\\u1ebft k\\u1ebf x\\u00e2y d\\u1ef1ng b\\u1ec1n v\\u1eefng\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-trong-thiet-ke-xay-dung-ben-vung\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-trong-thiet-ke-xay-dung-ben-vung\/\",\"name\":\"Nhi\\u1ec7t \\u0111\\u1ed9ng l\\u1ef1c h\\u1ecdc trong thi\\u1ebft k\\u1ebf x\\u00e2y d\\u1ef1ng b\\u1ec1n v\\u1eefng\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-trong-thiet-ke-xay-dung-ben-vung\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-28T15:25:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-28T15:25:21+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\"},\"description\":\"Nhi\\u1ec7t \\u0111\\u1ed9ng l\\u1ef1c h\\u1ecdc trong thi\\u1ebft k\\u1ebf x\\u00e2y d\\u1ef1ng b\\u1ec1n v\\u1eefng: \\u1ee8ng d\\u1ee5ng nguy\\u00ean l\\u00fd nhi\\u1ec7t \\u0111\\u1ed9ng l\\u1ef1c h\\u1ecdc \\u0111\\u1ec3 t\\u1ed1i \\u01b0u h\\u00f3a hi\\u1ec7u su\\u1ea5t n\\u0103ng l\\u01b0\\u1ee3ng v\\u00e0 gi\\u1ea3m thi\\u1ec3u t\\u00e1c \\u0111\\u1ed9ng m\\u00f4i tr\\u01b0\\u1eddng.\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-trong-thiet-ke-xay-dung-ben-vung\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\",\"name\":\"Nick Connor\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#personlogo\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/84c0dec310b44b65da29dc9df6925239?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Nick Connor\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/697685"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=697685"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/697685\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=697685"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=697685"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=697685"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}