{"id":697843,"date":"2024-08-28T12:55:17","date_gmt":"2024-08-28T11:55:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=697843"},"modified":"2024-08-28T12:55:17","modified_gmt":"2024-08-28T11:55:17","slug":"nhiet-dong-hoc-cua-lo-phan-ung-tang-soi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/nhiet-dong-hoc-cua-lo-phan-ung-tang-soi\/","title":{"rendered":"Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

\"Nhi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i<\/h2>\n

L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i (Fluidized Bed Reactor) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t cao, t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau, l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n

L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u01a1 l\u1eedng b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t “l\u1edbp s\u00f4i” c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i s\u00f4i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u00ed, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i di\u1ec5n ra qua ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

  • Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac:<\/b> S\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/li>\n
  • Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u:<\/b> S\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t do d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng qua l\u1edbp s\u00f4i.<\/li>\n
  • Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1:<\/b> S\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t n\u00f3ng.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng<\/h2>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbp s\u00f4i (Tfs<\/sub>):<\/b> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u01a1 l\u1eedng.<\/li>\n
  • V\u1eadn t\u1ed1c kh\u00ed (ug<\/sub>):<\/b> V\u1eadn t\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed \u0111i qua l\u1edbp s\u00f4i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u01a1 l\u1eedng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn.<\/li>\n
  • Chi\u1ec1u cao l\u1edbp s\u00f4i (hfs<\/sub>):<\/b> Chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp s\u00f4i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n

    <\/o1><\/p>\n

    C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh sau:<\/p>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t:<\/b><\/p>\n

    \nQ = mh<\/sub> * cp<\/sub> * (Tfs<\/sub> – T0<\/sub>)\n<\/p>\n

    Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • Q l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t (W)<\/li>\n
  • mh<\/sub> l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn (kg)<\/li>\n
  • cp<\/sub> l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn (J\/kg.K)<\/li>\n
  • Tfs<\/sub> l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbp s\u00f4i (K)<\/li>\n
  • T0<\/sub> l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t (K)<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/b><\/p>\n

    \nmf<\/sub> = Cb<\/sub> * ug<\/sub> * A * hfs<\/sub>\n<\/p>\n

    Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • mf<\/sub> l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp s\u00f4i (kg)<\/li>\n
  • Cb<\/sub> l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i<\/li>\n
  • ug<\/sub> l\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed (m\/s)<\/li>\n
  • A l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i (m\u00b2)<\/li>\n
  • hfs<\/sub> l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao l\u1edbp s\u00f4i (m)<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/h2>\n

    L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/b> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb sinh kh\u1ed1i, than \u0111\u00e1.<\/li>\n
  • H\u00f3a d\u1ea7u:<\/b> D\u00f9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh cracking x\u00fac t\u00e1c (FCC) \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u th\u00f4 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
  • C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t:<\/b> D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 ammonium sulfate t\u1eeb than.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nNhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.\" \/>\n<meta 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